2. A BSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATION OF A/T Leukemia Purpura Aplastic anemia Hemophilia Uncontrolled systemic disease (Diabetes, Seizure, Heart disease)

3. C O 2 LASER A/T G.A by Endotracheal tube (stainless steel) Co2 Laser 15 W. Surgical Microscope with Lens (300) Mirror & Adenoid Cover Head & Neck of patient

4. L ASER A DVANTAGE Less pain after surgery Quick healing Less bleeding(1-2 CC) Less duration of surgery Lingual tonsil (choice)

5. O ROPHARYNGEAL D ISEASE Simple Acute Pharyngitis Rhinoviruses (more common) Fever Oropharyngeal mucosa Posterior pharyngeal wall

6. G RANULAR P HARYNGITIS HRONIC P HARYNGITIS & Pollution Passive and active smoker Mouth breathing (humidifying, tempering & cleansing function) Posterior pharyngeal lymph node hypertrophies (granula r hypertrophy)

7. S IGN & S YMPTOMS Dryness(most common) Pharyngeal Irritation Patients wants clean her/his pharynx frequently Brightness of P.P.W. Unknown etiology  Difficult treatment (Smoking, Nasal obstruction&……)

8. A CUTE FOLLICULAR TONSILLITIS & A DENOIDITIS Etiology (Streptococcus beta hemolytic,Staphylococcus Pneumoco &…) Age Adult Sore Throat & Odynophagia Sudden attack Headache and arthralgia Adenoid Inflammation & otalgia Pseudomembanous on tonsils Cervical adenopathy

9. C OMPLICATION Peritonsiller abscess Deep neck infection Septicemia Otalgia & acute otitis Acute Nephritis Rheumatismal complication (occasionally) Treatment : Bed rest- anti analgesic &…. systemic antibiotic such as Penicillin or Erythromycin for ten days

10. P LUMMER - VINSON SYNDROME Anemia Dysphagia Glossite Achloridria Unknown Origin More common in female Some time Spleen neoplasm Hypochrome Anemia Esophagus ( Hyperkeratosis, Web, band ) Most important sign is Dysphagia (On & Off)

11. C ANDIDIASIS Today is common disease (antibiotic & uncontrolled diabetes) Light form ( in children) Uncontrolled (Sever form) trachea Larynx &Esophagus Topical Nystatin (drug of choice)

12. B LACK H AIRY T ONGUE

13. I NFECTIOUS M ONO Self limited disease Lymphadenopathy Related to Epstein Barr Virus

14. منبع : مرکز تحقیقات گوش، گلو،بینی، جراحی سروگردن دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد