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Published byEvelyn Hurst Modified over 11 years ago
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British Imperialism in India: Cotton and the Creation of a Core and Periphery
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Cotton Where was most cotton produced before the U.S. Civil War? Who purchased most of that cotton? What was it used for?
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During the Civil War (1861-1865), the South couldnt export cotton to Great Britain. The factory owners in Great Britain were desperate to obtain cotton. How did the British government respond to this situation?
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Question 2: What does this graph show? Table 1: Cotton Exports from India, Egypt, and Brazil, 1860–1866, in Million Pounds. Sources: Government of India, Annual Statement of the Trade and Navigation of British India and Forign Countries vol. 5 (Calcutta, 1872); vol. 9 (Calcutta, 1876); Roger Owen, Cotton and the Egyptian Economy, 1820– 1914 (Oxford, 1969), 90; Estatisticas historica do Brasil (Rio de Jeneiro, 1990), 346.
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Subsistence farming vs. cash crop More cotton = less food What might be the consequences of this shift?
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Drop in food production + El Niño weather patterns = Famine
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Estimated Famine Deaths in India YearNumber of deaths 1876-18796.1-10.3 million 1896-19026.1-19.0 million Total 12.2-29.3 million Statistics from Mike Davis, Late Victorian Holocausts: El Nino Famines and the Making of the Third World (London: Verso, 2001), p. 7.
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De-Industrialization in India Indias Share of World Manufacturing Output Statistics from Mike Davis, Late Victorian Holocausts: El Nino Famines and the Making of the Third World (London: Verso, 2001), p. 294. 17501830 1900 24.5%17.6%1.7%
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Core – industrialized nations like Great Britain, America, Germany, and Japan Periphery (Peripheral) – countries that provided raw materials to the industrialized nations; very slow to begin industrializing themselves Core (Great Britain) Periphery (India, Egypt)
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CoreEdgePeriphery
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Were these countries core, edge or periphery by 1910? Germany France Austria India United States Great Britain Japan Egypt China Russia Mexico South Africa Nigeria Others?
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Where are the core countries?
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Millions died, not outside the modern world system, but in the very process of being forcibly incorporated into its economic and political structures. - Mike Davis, Late Victorian Holocausts
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