1. Greece and Iran
1000
– 30 B.C.E

2. State-building, Expansion and Conflict
Medes
Assyrians
Cyrus 550 BCE
Social Class distinctions
Cambyses 530 BCE
Further expansion
Warriors
Priests
Peasants

3. Which of the following should we consider as a more important Persian step in Empire Building?
Expansion
Administration

4. Darius I BCE

5. Satrapy System Twenty total Directly connected to royal family
Decentralized
Collect and send tribute

6. Successes Royal roads Postal service Codifying of laws
Incorporation of local laws into justice system
Royal judges
Relatively peaceful
Government supplied food for workers
Building of Persepolis as a cultural centre
Susa (Elam) established as Admin. centre

7. Issues Royal tribute hoarding
Leads to a economic collapse across much of Empire by 4th BCE
Medians pushed out of power positions
King as aloof; people as “my slaves”
Strong connection of practices to Mesopotamia
High cost of King’s entourage
Huge tracks of land owned by king

8. Based on the successes and issues of Darius’ rule and the negative attitude of the Greeks towards the Persians, why don’t we see more revolts taking place across the Empire?

9. Persepolis

10. Development and Interaction of Cultures
Religion
Zoroastrianism
Mandate from Heaven
Philosophies
Water, fire, earth
Polytheism

11. Persian culture under Darius I borrows heavily from conquered peoples
Persian culture under Darius I borrows heavily from conquered peoples. To what extent is this true in regard to religion?
It is said that Zorastriaism had a profound influence on Judaism and Christianity. Explain this connection.

12. Greeks Resource poor – needed trade Ecological zone – migration
Isolated polis
Phoenicians (800 BCE) = new ideas (alphabet)
Rising population – urban centers

13. Structures Acropolis/agora Hoplites – farmers Colonists Coins Tyrant
Oligarchy Democracy

14. Compare and contrast Greek and Persian civilizations politically
Compare and contrast Greek and Persian civilizations politically. (What was necessary for each system to succeed?)

15. Culture (Beliefs) Anthropomorphic gods Public sacrifice
Family Individual
Pre – Socratic philosophers
Logographers
Herodotus (485 – 425 BCE)

16. What social and intellectual factors contributed to the evolution of the heightened importance of the individual?
Make a case for one of the following statements:
Herodotus was the first real historian.
Herodotus was NOT the first real historian.

17. Sparta 7th c. BCE No colonists – invasion of Messenia Helots
Military preparedness
Time warp
Peloponnesian League

18. Athens Big territory, population
594 BCE – Solon: wealth linked to democracy – expanded
460s – 450s – Pericles: Assembly, Council of 500, People’s Courts

19. Why were the two polis of Sparta and Athens so different from one another? What accounted for those differences?
Can a case be made that ancient Sparta was just as democratic as ancient Athens in the 7th – 5th centuries BCE? Why or why not?