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THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR

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Presentation on theme: "THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR"— Presentation transcript:

1 THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR
CHAPTER 17-Becoming a World Power Section 2-Spanish – American War THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR

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3 Chapter 17.2 Objectives Describe the circumstances that led to war between the United States and Spain in 1898 Explain how the war made the United States a world power

4 Vocabulary José Martí William Randolph Hearst Yellow Journalism
Jingoism George Dewey Rough Riders Theodore Roosevelt Platt Amendment

5 The Coming of War Cuba, a Spanish colony, provided wealth for Spain with sugarcane plantations Up until the 1880’s, Cuba produced 1/3 of the worlds sugar 1/3 of Cuba’s population was enslaved however 1868, Cuban rebels declare independence

6 The Coming of War Rebellion collapses 10 years later in 1878
Many rebels flee to US José Martí 1894 – US imposes new tariffs on sugar Economy of Cuba suffers Martí and followers being new rebellion in February 1895 Republic of Cuba, September 1895

7 The Coming of War At the start of the Cuban revolution, US is neutral.
Americans have mixed emotions William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer Yellow Journalism

8 The Coming of War Cuban rebels attack American property in Cuba Why?
General Valeriano Weyler and reconcentration camps News of brutal treatment enrages Americans 1897: President McKinley doesn’t want to intervene Pushes for negotiations Weyler out and Spain offers autonomy Spanish loyalists in Havana enraged and riot US sends the battleship Maine to Havana harbor Enrique Dupuy de Lôme New York Journal publishes letter

9 The Coming of War February, 1898, the USS Maine exploded, killing 266 Americans No solid evidence as to why it exploded, but… “Remember the Maine!”

10 The Coming of War Jingoism War declared on Spain April 9,1898.

11 The Coming of War US Navy blockades Cuba in Atlantic George Dewey
US Navy attacks Spanish fleet in the Philippines May 1, 1898 Emilio Aguinaldo Suspicious of Americans after troops arrive

12 A War on Two Fronts McKinley sends 20,000 troops to Philippines
Capture Guam on the way American army untrained and ill-equipped More soldiers die in training camps than in battle In June, 17, US troops descend on Santiago, Cuba

13 A War on Two Fronts Rough Riders Theodore Roosevelt
El Caney and San Juan Heights

14 A War on Two Fronts 9th and 10th Cavalry (All black unit) also helped
¼ of all American troops in Cuba are black Victory comes in a matter of months August 12, 1898, Spain and US agree to cease-fire

15 An American Empire is Born
What should US do with these newly acquired lands? Annexations or Independence? Treaty of Paris, December 1898 Cuba given independence Philippines annexed Guam annexed What is the benefit of annexing these Pacific Island nations? Andrew Carnegie, Mark Twain, Jane Addams all oppose annexation and imperialism

16 An American Empire is Born
US is now an imperial power Controlling an empire is not easy Aguinaldo orders his troops to revolt against American occupation American General sets up reconcentration camps…many Filipinos die William Howard Taft becomes US civilian governor…introduces reforms Aguinaldo captured March 1901 1946: Philippines declared independent

17 An American Empire is Born
How to govern Puerto Rico? Foraker Act 1917: Puerto Ricans get US citizenship 1947: PR citizens can elect own governor Should PR be given independence? Should PR be made a state?

18 An American Empire is Born
The Platt Amendment specified that (1) Cuba could not make a treaty with another nation that would weaken its power or allow another foreign power to gain territory in Cuba (2) Cuba had to allow the United States to buy or lease naval stations in Cuba (3) Cuba’s debts had to be kept low to prevent foreign countries from landing troops to enforce payment (4) the United States would have the right to intervene to protect Cuban independence and keep order. Cuba reluctant, but accepted this Amendment repealed in 1934

19 Section Review The Cuban Rebellion of 1868 fails and many rebels flee to US Americans begin to support Cubans through yellow journalism The explosion on the USS Maine catapulted US into war against Spain US fights two front war: Cuba and Philippines Victory quick but empire building a struggle Rebellion again in Philippines Guam, Philippines, Puerto Rico annexed Cuba given independence…sort of

20 Review of 17.2 Objectives Describe the circumstances that led to war between the United States and Spain in 1898 Explain how the war made the United States a world power

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