1. 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 They Came to Americas They Conquered They Built an Empire

12. Who were the 1 st people of the Americas that Columbus came into contact with?

13. Taino The Taino

14. There were millions of Indian deaths after the Europeans arrived in the Americas. Why? What caused it?

15. battle diseases The Indian deaths were mainly caused by battle & diseases, such as small pox.

16. Columbian Exchange What is the Columbian Exchange? Describe the changes that occurred in each hemisphere.

17. Was movement of people, plants, animals, & diseases across Atlantic starting in 1492. West got colonists, horses, sugar (slavery), & disease (Native Americans died). East got potatoes, corn,& growth in population.

18. Who paid for Columbus’s 1 st voyage across the Atlantic Ocean?

19. King Ferdinand Queen Isabella King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella paid

20. On his 1 st voyage across the Atlantic, what was Columbus looking for, where’d he land, & what were some problems he faced on his journey?

21. He was looking for a route to India going west across Atlantic, looking for Asian spices & silk. He had a long journey & his crew wanted to turn back. He landed in Bahamas, which he called the Indies, b/c he thought he was in India. This was the 1 st of many land claims in America for Spain.

22. Hernando Cortes Who was Hernando Cortes?

23. He was the leader of the Spanish troops that conquered the Aztec empire.

24. Ferdinand Magellan Who was Ferdinand Magellan?

25. He was a Portuguese sea captain in charge of the 1 st known voyage around the world

26. Dona Marina Who was Dona Marina & how did she help Cortes conquer the Aztec empire?

27. She was an Indian woman & she persuaded many Indians that were Aztec enemies to join Cortés's army

28. The Spanish conquered the Aztec empire. How was this possible?

29. This was possible for 2 reasons: 1) the Spanish had better weapons 2) the Spanish had help from many Indians who disliked the Aztec

30. How did the Spanish conquer the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan? What did they do after conquering it & what happened to the area?

31. Under Cortes, Spanish took Tenochtitlan twice (1 st from Moctezuma & 2 nd from Cuauhtemo). In the 2 nd takeover, many Aztecs starved, the Spanish destroyed many Aztec buildings & books, & they built Mexico City, the capital of New Spain, on the ruins of Tenochtitlan.

32. encomienda What is an encomienda?

33. encomienda An encomienda is a large piece of land given to a colonist by Spanish government as a way of settling & controlling New Spain.

34. When they searched the southwest US, what were Francisco Coronado, Estevanico, & Fray Marcos looking for? Hint: it’s what many people looked for!

35. GOLD They were looking for GOLD, but they never found it.

36. Estevancio Who was Estevancio?

37. He was an African scout who explored southwestern US in the mid 1500s after he heard stories about the golden cities. He was killed on the expedition.

38. Yanga Who was Yanga?

39. He was an elderly African slave who escaped from New Spain with 80 followers in the early 1600s. He kept his followers safe from Spanish soldiers who were trying to capture them.

40. New Laws of 1542” The “New Laws of 1542” were what & passed because of who?

41. Bartolome de Las Casas These laws were made by the Spanish kings to protect the Indians. They were passed because of Spanish priest Bartolome de Las Casas, who defended the rights of the Indians while they were being enslaved.