2. RUNWAY INCURSIONS In the News Near Collision on Runway DEFINITIONS STATISTICS EVENTS - RESULTS/CAUSES EVALUATOR EMPHASIS AIRPORT SIGNAGE TEST INTERNET RESOURCE

3. RUNWAY INCURSION

4. WHAT CAN YOU DO? OBJECTIVE -

5. The FAA DEFINES-- Any occurrence at an airport involving an aircraft, vehicle, person, or object on the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in loss of separation with an aircraft taking off or intending to takeoff, landing, or intending to land.

6. GLOSSARY  PILOT DEVIATION(PD)  OPERATIONAL ERROR(OE)  VEHICLE OR PEDESTRIAN DEVIATION(VPD)

7. Runway Incursion Statistics

8. Data and Trends 0 50 100 150 200 250 1988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000 187223281242219186200240275292325321429 Runway Incursions by Incursion Types Note: CY 2000 data is preliminary and subject to change. Data valid as of January 9, 2001 Operational ErrorsPilot DeviationsVehicle/Pedestrian Deviations 260

9. Data and Trends Operational ErrorsPilot DeviationsVehicle/Pedestrian Deviations Runway Incursion Types per 100,000 Operations Note: CY 2000 data is preliminary and subject to change. Data valid as of October 13, 2000

10. RUNWAY INCURSIONS RESULTING FROM PILOT DEVIATIONS 74% 18% 6% 2% CY 1999 Part 91 Part 121 Part 135 Other 65% 22% 8% 5% CY 1998 75% 20% 4% 1% CY 2000

11. Data and Trends Note: CY 2000 data is preliminary and subject to change. Data valid as of January 9, 2001 OE 20.5% PD 59.7% VPD 19.6% Other.02% Runway incursions during CY 2000 429 total incursions CY 2000

12. Specific Runway Incursion Events The Administrator has identified incursions as one of the top safety priorities that all FAA personnel must address. Let’s look at some specific occurrences.

13. Runway Incursion Quincy Muni Baldwin Field(UIN) 13 18 22 31 36 4 BE-1900 United Express Flt 5925 King Air N1127D Cherokee

14. Runway Incursion

15. DEKALB-PEACHTREE, 2/15/00 2L 2R 34 16 9 20R 20L 27 PA-28 N8447Y Sikorsky S76

16. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON INTL TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 CAUTION: BE ALERT TO RUNWAY CROSSING CLEARANCES READBACK OF ALL RUNWAY HOLDING INSTRUCTIONS REQUIRED. Jones Aviation F N89827 C-152 N79960 C-172 Dolphin Aviation

17. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON INTL TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 Dolphin Aviation F Jones Aviation N89827 called from Dolphin, taxi for takeoff Cleared to the end of Rwy 14 Controller goes on break and Supervisor takes over the position

18. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON INTL TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 Dol phin Aviation F Jones Aviation N79960 calls from Jones to taxi for take off Supervisor clears him to Rwy 14 thinking he is at Dolphin and will taxi to the end of Rwy 14 NOTE the other aircraft at ‘F’ & Rwy 14! N89827 N79960

19. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 Dol phin Aviation F Jones Aviation N89827 calls ready for takeoff - told to hold short. N79960 calls number two for take off - told to hold short. 10:34:00 Supervisor clears N89827 into position/hold Supervisor clears other aircraft “position & hold” at “F” N89827 N79960

20. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON INTL TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 Dol phin Aviation F Jones Aviation N89827 N79960 Other aircraft cleared for take-off

21. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON INTL TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 Dol phin Aviation F Jones Aviation N89827 N79960 10:34:54 N89827 cleared for take-off Supervisor looks at paper strip showing N79960 at the end of Rwy 14, he sees a high wing aircraft there

22. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON INTL TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 Jones Aviation F N89827 C-152 N79960 C-172 Dolphin Aviation 10:23:57 he clears N79960 “into position and hold” Rwy 14

23. Tower SARASOTA/BRADENTON INTL TERMINAL 14 32 22 4 Jones Aviation F N89827 C-152 N79960 C-172 Dolphin Aviation

24. **April 1, 2000, 1030 CST, Shelby County Airport, Shelbyville, IL. Pitts S-2A, N224V, owned and piloted by a Commercial pilot, while landing on Rwy 14 (grass, 200’ x 3,264’) struck a golf cart 5’ off the side of the Rwy that was applying weed killer adjacent to the Rwy. The golf cart driver was fatally injured and the aircraft was substantially damaged. ALERT BULLETIN ….CONTINUED

25. **BEECH BONANZA B35 TAXIED TO RWY 1 VIA TWY ALPHA AND DEPARTED WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION, ROCKFORD, IL 261448C

26. ALERT BULLETIN …. CONTINUED **C182 FAILED TO FOLLOW ATC INSTRUCTIONS AND TAXIED ONTO RWY 22L WITHOUT CLEARANCE, MESA, AZ

27. ALERT BULLETIN ….CONTINUED a Fokker 100 crossed assigned runway and encroached on runway environment to landing traffic, Richmond, VA Traffic on short final was issued go-around instructions.

28. UNINTENTIONAL

29. COMMON ERRORS  FAILURE TO HOLD SHORT (MEANING THE PILOT MOVES INTO TAKEOFF POSITION PREMATURELY)  TURNING ON WRONG TAXIWAY  CROSSING A RUNWAY WITHOUT CLEARANCE

30. CAUSES FOR ERRORS  CLEARANCES  COMMUNICATIONS  GROUND NAVIGATION  POSITIONAL AWARENESS

31. WHO IS IMMUNE TO RUNWAY INCURSIONS *FAR 139 AIRPORT TOWERED NON-TOWERED *GENERAL AVIATION AIRPORTS TOWERED NON-TOWERED NOBODY!

32. WHAT CAN YOU DO? OBJECTIVE -

33. EXAMINER EMPHASIS ITEMS COLLISION AVOIDANCE RUNWAY INCURSION AVOIDANCE

34. PRACTICAL TEST REQUIREMENTS A.O. AIRPORT OPERATIONS TASK: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS AND ATC LIGHT GUN SIGNALS TRAFFIC PATTERNS AIRPORT AND RUNWAY MARKINGS AND LIGHTING

35. SITUATIONAL AWARENESS

36. DURING THE TEST  Is the applicant familiar with the airport diagram --before leaving the ramp --for both the airport of origin and the destination airport  At towered airports does the applicant --know standard signs and markings --know standard pilot/controller terminology --ask for “progressive” taxi assistance if necessary

37.  at non-towered airports does the applicant --use the radio to make their position and intentions known --use the radio to listen to other traffic --clear aircraft visually prior to departing the ramp, along the taxi route, and prior to entering the active runway. This also applies to procedures after landing: clear of the active runway, cross other runways and taxiways only after assuring that they are not being used by other aircraft. DURING THE TEST

38. DO THE APPLICANTS USE THEIR SENSES THEIR EYES ? THEIR EARS ? THEIR BRAIN--RESULTING IN DECISION MAKING. ARE THEY MAKING DECISIONS AND BEING PIC? DURING THE TEST

39. NIGHT OPERATIONS

40. AIRPORT LIGHTS RUNWAY LIGHTS ARE WHITE TAXIWAY LIGHTS ARE BLUE THRESHOLD LIGHTS ARE SPLIT LENSES: GREEN ON THE APPROACH TO A RUNWAY, RED AT THE END OF A RUNWAY

41. SHORT TEST

44. ILS

45. 9-27

46. 9-APCH

48. B

49. 22

50. 2

51. ANSWERS

52. Runway Taxiway

53. Holding Position Markings for ILS/MLS Critical Area

54. ILS Holding Position Sign for ILS Critical Area

55. 9-27 Located on taxiways at an intersection with runway and at runway/runway intersections

56. 9-APCH Hold position on taxiway located in runway approach or departure area hold

57. Areas where aircraft are forbidden to enter

58. B Taxiway

59. 22 Runway

60. 2 Runway length remaining

61. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

62.  Home  Current Events  The Cockpit  The Tower  On the Ground  Technologies  Human Element  Newsroom  RIAT  Statistics & Data  About Us  Links  Contact Us Contact Webmaster Web Site Policy & Issues http://www.faa.gov/runwaysafety

63.  Home  Current Events  The Cockpit  The Tower  On the Ground  Technologies  Human Element  Newsroom  RIAT  Statistics & Data  About Us  Links  Contact Us Contact Webmaster Web Site Policy & Issues

64.  Home  Current Events  The Cockpit  The Tower  On the Ground  Technologies  Human Element  Newsroom  RIAT  Statistics & Data  About Us  Links  Contact Us current events National Runway Safety Summit Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) conducted a National Runway Safety Summit June 26–28 in Washington, DC. The meeting explored ways to improve safety on runways, particularly at the nation’s busiest airports. Summit Proceedings NationalRunwaySafetySummit Create your own Airport Runway Safety Website, FREE! In an effort to promote safer surface operations, the Runway Safety Program now offers all airports, regardless of size or use, the ability to create their own websites. Airports can now inform the flying public about airport hot spots, local procedures, operations, runways specifications, communications, and much more. Airports will even have the option of posting pictures and diagrams. Create Website

65.  Home  Current Events  The Cockpit  The Tower  On the Ground  Technologies  Human Element  Newsroom  RIAT  Statistics & Data  About Us  Links  Contact Us on the ground Create your own Airport Runway Safety Website, FREE! In an effort to promote safer surface operations, the Runway Safety Program now offers all airports, regardless of size or use, the ability to create their own websites. Airports can now inform the flying public about airport hot spots, local procedures, operations, runways specifications, communications, and much more. Airports will even have the option of posting pictures and diagrams. create website Airport Signs, Markings & Lighting Knowing airport signs, markings & lighting is the cornerstone to safe surface operations. Take a few minutes and review the current standards. view Airport Ground Vehicle Operations This information booklet highlights such topics as airport basics, operations at towered/nontowered airports, phraseology and emergency procedures. You can even take a test to evaluate your knowledge. view

66.  Home  Current Events  The Cockpit  The Tower  On the Ground  Technologies  Human Element  Newsroom  RIAT  Statistics & Data  About Us  Links  Contact Us on the ground Create your own Airport Runway Safety Website, FREE! In an effort to promote safer surface operations, the Runway Safety Program now offers all airports, regardless of size or use, the ability to create their own websites. Airports can now inform the flying public about airport hot spots, local procedures, operations, runways specifications, communications, and much more. Airports will even have the option of posting pictures and diagrams. create website Airport Signs, Markings & Lighting Knowing airport signs, markings & lighting is the cornerstone to safe surface operations. Take a few minutes and review the current standards. view Airport Ground Vehicle Operations This information booklet highlights such topics as airport basics, operations at towered/nontowered airports, phraseology and emergency procedures. You can even take a test to evaluate your knowledge. view HIDDEN SLIDE

67.  Home  Current Events  The Cockpit  The Tower  On the Ground  Technologies  Human Element  Newsroom  RIAT  Statistics & Data  About Us  Links  Contact Us Runway Incursion Action Team(RIAT) RIAT meetings are held at airports experiencing an unusually high number of runway incursions/surface incidents. FAA, industry and airport experts conduct an on-site evaluation, identify problem areas, and develop a runway incursion prevention plan. RIAT Schedule RIAT Recommendations

68. THE FUTURE AIRPORT ENVIRONMENT LAHSO SMGCS As the number of risk factors increases, the probability of an event is greater. Mishaps can be avoided, but vigilance, careful preparation, courtesy, and common sense must prevail.