1. ZIGBEE Seminar on 2nd April 2009 Debasish Panigrahy Anish Ranjan Malik
Wireless Control That Simply Works
Seminar on
ZIGBEE
2nd April 2009
Debasish Panigrahy
Anish Ranjan Malik
Copyright © 2005 ZigBeeTM Alliance. All Rights Reserved.

2. What is Zigbee ?
A wireless network used for home, building and industrial control. It conforms to the IEEE wireless standard for low data rate networks. With a maximum speed of 250 Kbps at 2.4GHz, ZigBee is slower than Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, but is designed for low power so that batteries can last for months and years. The typical ZigBee transmission range is roughly 50 meters, but that can vary greatly depending on temperature, humidity and air quality.

3. IEEE
IEEE is a standard defined by IEEE for low rate, wireless personal area network.
The standard defines the Physical layer and Medium Access Layer

4. 802.15.4 Application Space Sensors & Controls: Home Automation
Industrial Automation
Remote Metering
Automotive Networks
Interactive Toys
Active RFID/ asset tracking
Medical

5. The ZigBee History Proposals Proposal to IEEE Proposals
ZigBee Alliance
formed
Initial MRD
RSI/TRD
v0.2
ZigBee
IEEE
PAR
Reviews
Stand.
Complete
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

6. Sensor/Control Network Requirements
Large networks
Very long battery life
Device data rate needs are low

7. So Why ZigBee? ZigBee is the only wireless standards-based technology:
that addresses the unique needs of remote monitoring & control, and sensory network applications
enables broad-based deployment of wireless networks with low cost, low power solutions
provides the ability to run for years on inexpensive primary batteries for a typical monitoring application

8. Basic Radio Characteristics
ZigBee technology relies upon IEEE , which has excellent performance in low SNR environments

9. What does Zigbee Do
Operates in Personal Area Networks (PAN’s) and device-to- device networks
Connectivity between small packet devices
Control of lights, switches, thermostats, appliances, etc.
Designed for wireless controls and sensors

10. Basic Network Characteristics
65,536 network (client) nodes
Optimized for timing-critical applications and power management
Time to Join Network: <30ms
Sleeping to active: <15ms
Channel access time: <15ms
Full Mesh Networking Support
Network coordinator
Full Function node
Reduced Function node
Communications flow
Virtual links

11. How Zigbee Works Topology Network coordinator, routers, end devices
Star
Cluster Tree
Mesh
Network coordinator, routers, end devices

12. ZigBee Network Topologies
Mesh
Star
PAN coordinator
Cluster Tree
Full Function Device
Reduced Function Device

13. ZigBee Mesh Networking
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14. ZigBee Mesh Networking
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15. ZigBee Mesh Networking
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16. ZigBee Mesh Networking
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17. ZigBee Mesh Networking
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18. How Zigbee Works States of operation Devices Modes of operation Active
Sleep
Devices
Full Function Devices (FFD’s)
Reduced Function Devices (RFD’s)
Modes of operation
Beacon
Non-beacon

19. Network Structure

20. Network Structure

21. Network Structure

22. ZigBee – Highly Reliable
Mesh and tree networking protocol provides redundant paths
Automatic retries and acknowledgements
Broadcast delivery scheme ensures reliable broadcasts across the network
Parents keep track of messages for sleeping children
High intrinsic interference tolerance
Multiple channels
Frequency agility
Robust modulation

23. Competitive or Complementary?
Zigbee and Bluetooth
Competitive or Complementary?

24. ZigBee and Bluetooth Optimized for different applications ZigBee
Smaller packets over large network
Mostly Static networks with many, infrequently used devices
Home automation, toys, remote controls, etc.
Bluetooth
Larger packets over small network
Ad-hoc networks
File transfer
Screen graphics, pictures, hands-free audio, Mobile phones, headsets, PDAs, etc.

25. ZigBee and Bluetooth Address Different Needs
Bluetooth is a cable replacement for items like Phones, Laptop Computers, Headsets
Bluetooth expects regular charging
Target is to use <10% of host power

26. ZigBee and Bluetooth Address Different Needs
ZigBee is better for devices Where the battery is ‘rarely’ replaced
Targets are :
Tiny fraction of host power
New opportunities where wireless not yet used

27. ZigBee protocol is optimized for timing critical applications
ZigBee and Bluetooth
Timing Considerations
ZigBee:
Network join time = 30ms typically
Sleeping slave changing to active = 15ms typically
Active slave channel access time = 15ms typically
Bluetooth:
Network join time = >3s
Sleeping slave changing to active = 3s typically
Active slave channel access time = 2ms typically
ZigBee protocol is optimized for timing critical applications

28. Initial Enumeration
ZigBee
Bluetooth
Coordinator
Coordinator

29. An Application Example
Battery Life & Latency in a Light Switch
Wireless Light switch –
Easy for Builders to Install
A Bluetooth Implementation would either :
keep a counter running so that it could predict which hop frequency the light would have reached or
use the inquiry procedure to find the light each time the switch was operated.

30. ZigBee and Bluetooth Conclusion
ZigBee targets applications not addressable by Bluetooth or any other wireless standard
ZigBee and Bluetooth complement for a broader solution

31. Product Application Road map products-tracking Consumer electronics PC
Personal and healthcare
Commercial and residential control

32. LIGHT COMMERCIAL CONTROL
ZigBee Applications
BUILDING
AUTOMATION
CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
security
HVAC
AMR
lighting control
access control TV
VCR
DVD/CD
remote
PC & PERIPHERALS
PERSONAL HEALTH CARE
ZigBee
Wireless Control that
Simply Works
mouse
keyboard
joystick
patient monitoring
fitness monitoring
INDUSTRIAL
CONTROL
RESIDENTIAL/
LIGHT COMMERCIAL CONTROL
asset mgt
process control
environmental
energy mgt
Future applications include Toys and Games, like consoles controllers, portable game pads (like gameboys), educational toys like leap frog stuff, and fun toys like RC (remote control) toys, etc.
security
HVAC
lighting control
access control
lawn & garden irrigation

33. From Popular Science Magazine

34. PC And Peripherals
Desktop PCs and Home Entertainment Systems (Home Theatre TV)
Computer peripherals;
HID devices
Video conference equipment
Remote control
Video gaming equipment
Multi-player PC & video games
Remote controls for audio and video equipment
PC Enhanced & stand alone toys
In-room coverage

35. Human Input Devices (HID)
Keyboard
Mouse / Pointing Device
Remote Controls (controls for audio & video equipment)
Gaming device
Double Joystick
Game Pad for Direct X

36. Consumer Electronics
Home appliances/general consumer electronic devices
Existing home security systems, electrical & heating systems
Wireless door and opening monitoring, system control
Wireless Keypads
Smoke and flame detectors
Lighting and remote control of appliances in the home;
Blinds/Shades
Pool/Spa equipment
Garage door openers
Voice Control

37. Why ZigBee? Reliable and self healing Supports large number of nodes
Easy to deploy
Very long battery life
Secure
Low cost
Can be used globally

38. Thank You
ITECHTRIX