1. RECONSTRUCTION

4. After the Confederacy surrendered to end the Civil War, the U. S
After the Confederacy surrendered to end the Civil War, the U.S. government faced the question of how to deal with the defeated southern states. Those states not only needed to be rebuilt due to the devastation of the war but they had to be re-admitted back into the Union. This period in American history is known as…
RECONSTRUCTION
Richmond, Virginia

5. Plans of Reconstruction
There were four different plans for Reconstruction:
Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
Wade - Davis Bill
Andrew Johnson’s Plan
Reconstruction Act

6. Ten Percent Plan (1863) Proposed by:
President Abraham Lincoln
Conditions for former Confederate states to rejoin the Union:
Ten percent of voters must swear loyalty to the Union.
Must abolish slavery.

7. Lincoln’s plan made it easy for the nation to be united again
Lincoln’s plan made it easy for the nation to be united again. Lincoln, however, could not see his plan through.
On April 14, 1865 President Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth while attending a play with his wife.

8. Republicans in Congress
Wade - Davis Bill (1864)
Proposed by:
Republicans in Congress
Conditions for former Confederate states to rejoin Union:
Majority of white men must swear loyalty.
Former Confederate volunteers cannot vote or hold office.
U.S. Senator
Henry W. Davis

9. Andrew Johnson’s Plan (1865)
Proposed by:
Andrew Johnson
Conditions for former Confederate states to rejoin Union:
Majority of white men must swear loyalty.
Must ratify Thirteenth Amendment.
Former Confederate officials may vote and hold office.

10. Reconstruction Act (1867) Proposed by: Radical Republicans
Conditions for former Confederate states to rejoin Union:
Must disband state governments.
Must write new constitutions.
Must ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.
African Americans must be allowed to vote.

11. Amendments and Laws to help Freed Slaves
Thirteenth Amendment
Fourteenth Amendment
Fifteenth Amendment
Freedmen’s Bureau

12. Thirteenth Amendment

13. Fourteenth Amendment
Granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States. This gave most African Americans citizenship.
Guaranteed equal protection of the laws.
Declared that no state could “deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.

14. Fifteenth Amendment
Forbade any state to deny African Americans the right to vote because of their race.

15. Freedmen's Bureau Gave food and clothing to former slaves.
Tried to find jobs for freedmen.
Helped poor whites as well.
Provided medical care for over 1 million people.

16. FREEDOM…

17. BUT NOT EQUALITY!

18. JIM CROW LAWS Laws against Equality
Southern states pass laws that separated blacks and whites in schools, restaurants, theaters, trains, streetcars, playgrounds, and even cemeteries.

19. Plessy V.
Ferguson

20. Separate is NEVER equal.
Plessy v. Ferguson
The Supreme Courts decision ruled that segregation was legal so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal…
Separate is NEVER equal.

21. VIOLENCE

22. Lynching

23. KKK
Spreads
Terror

24. Voting restrictions for African Americans
Poll Taxes: required voters to pay a fee each time they voted…
Freedmen could rarely afford to vote.
Literacy Tests: required voters to read in order to vote.
Freedmen had little education.
Grandfather Clauses: If voters father or grandfather had been eligible to vote in 1867 the voter did not have to take the literacy test.
This increased the number of eligible white voters.