1. On the Brink “A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot stand half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved; I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided.” Who do you think said this and what did he mean by “I do expect it will cease to be divided”?

2. Chapter 11 Sectional Conflict Increases 11.3 On the Brink of War

3. Create your own graphic organizer Your organizer should include the major participants, the significant components, the main arguments, the decision, and the outcomes of that ruling.

4. I. Dred Scott and the Supreme Court A.Dred Scott 1.Slave held by John Emerson- army surgeon 2.Scott sued for freedom- basis he was a resident in Illinois and Wisconsin B.Court Ruled Scott not a citizen and can’t sue 1.Fed. Gov. can’t limit slavery 2.Missouri Compromise violated 5 th Amend- right to property 3.Enraged abolitionists

5. II. Lincoln and Douglas Debates A.Election 1858- Senate Race B.Little Giant- Stephen Douglas 1.Great speaker 2.Popular sovereignty C.Lincoln-Douglas debates 1.House divided 2.Lincoln challenged Douglas to 7 debates 3.Freeport Doctrine- Douglas wins election

6. III. John Brown’s Raid A.Attack on Harpers Ferry (Oct. 16, 1859) 1.Hoped more would join and help liberate slaves 2.Robert E. Lee captures or kills all 3.Brown and 6 others executed B.Reactions to Brown 1.abolitionist- moral hero 2.Southerners- blood thirsty fanatic

7. IV. Election of 1860 A.Presidential Election 1.Southern moderates- Constitutional Union Party John Bell 2.Southern Democrats- John Breckinridge 3.Northern Democrats- Stephen Douglas 4.Republican Party- Abraham Lincoln B.Results 1.South split 2.Lincoln carried North- won electoral college- 40% popular vote

10. V. Secession!!!!!!!! A.South Carolina legislature called convention- vote to leave Union B.Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas leave C.Confederate States of America 1.Jefferson Davis provisional president

11. VI. Confederacy A.Justified with states rights B.Protected slavery

12. Answer the following short answer questions: 1. What do the results of the election suggest about the divisions in the United States in 1860? 2. What role did the personalities of the candidates play in the outcome of the election? The issues? 3. What do you think would have happened if the Democratic Party had not split? Would the outcome of the election have been different? Justify your position. 4. How did the south use the election as further justification for secession?