1. India China

2. India Subcontinent Himalayas Northern plains Most fertile
Most population
Deccan Plateau
Dry climate
monsoons

3. 2000 BC
Aryans invaded central Asia and occupied territory as far as the North of India
Sanskrit

4. Aryan Society 3-class system Warrior-nobles Priests Common people
Chief: rajah
(chosen from Warrior-Nobles)
Flexible system

5. Caste system Humans & gods were part of universal order
Fixed social groupings
DHARMA—code of conduct for particular class
KARMA—all the deeds of one’s life (good & bad)
reincarnation
Transparency 5

6. Hinduism More than a religion Way of life Vishnu- Shiva- Brahma-
preserver
Shiva-
creator/destroyer
Brahma-
chief creator
Reincarnation

7. Hindu Families Family center of society/security Obedience to elders
Respect for ancient customs
Wives/husbandstraditional roles
Widows: sati (suttee)

8. China—Shang Dynasty Great artisans Powerful army
Collect tribute from neighbors
Farmers-grain & SILK
Written language
Small upper class
King—high priest—DIVINE RIGHT-- Oracle spirits
Large lower class

9. China—Zhou Dynasty Tired of paying tribute to Shangs Overthrew Shang:
Rationale—if Shangs were better rulers, then couldn’t have been overthrown
Zhou given MANDATE OF HEAVEN
Kept rituals “pure”
Citizens important
Rulers for good of the people—trustees of the spirits

10. China—Zhou Dynasty Emperor’s title: Son of Heaven
900 years—longest dynasty in China’s history
Too big  feudalism
Oath of loyalty to help each other in times of troubles

11. FEUDALISM
A political system in which nobles or lords are granted the use of lands that legally belong to the king (or emperor). In return, the nobles owe loyalty and military service to the king and protection to the people who live on their estates.
Local lords more powerful
Emperor’s power decreased

12. Accomplishments
Technology: iron plows, weapons, canals for shipping, irrigation
Trade: coins, merchantswealthy & influential
Use of horses—is this really important?
Government by bureaucrats
Trained public officials to handle daily stuff
Scholars/teachers—advise rulers on correct behavior & political manners
writers

13. K’ung Fu-tzu Confucius Not a religion
“I stand in awe of the spirits, but keep them at a distance.”
Ethics
How to treat your fellow man?
Teacher, consultant, counselor, philosopher
5 Basic Relationships (transparency 6)

15. Chinese Family GREATEST SIN: disrespecting parents
Family is more important than the individual
A well-run family ensures a well-run government
♂superior to ♀
Sons more valuable than daughters
Filial piety—ancestor worship
Old agerespect & leisure
GREATEST SIN: disrespecting parents
Chinese Family

16. How many years ago was 8000 BC?
Key Development
Growth of village life BC
Causes
Development of agriculture
Domestication of animals
What were the effects of the development of agriculture and the domestication of animals?
How many years ago was 8000 BC?
Effects
Specialization of skills
Private property
New technology—sources of power, invention, networking
Beginning of civilization