1. Communicating Effectively
The transference and understanding of
Meaning
Supervisors participate in two types of communication:
Formal and Informal

2. Methods of Communication
Formal Communication
Communication that addresses task-related issues and tends to follow the organization’s authority chain.

3. Methods of Communication
Informal Communication
Communication that moves in any direction, skips authority levels, and is as likely to satisfy social needs as it is to facilitate task accomplishments.

4. Methods of Communication
Oral Communication
Transmission of information through the spoken word and includes a nonverbal component which can enhance the message.

5. Methods of Communication
Written Communication
When the message is intended to be official…when it has long-term implications…or if it is highly complex…and when a permanent record is needed.

6. Methods of Communication
Electronic Communications
Today, one can rely on a number of sophisticated electronic media to carry communications. , voice mail, paging, cellular telephones, video conferencing, Etc.

7. Methods of Communication
Nonverbal Communications
Communication that sends messages without words through the use of body language and verbal intonations.

8. Methods of Communication
The Grapevine
The means of communication by which most operative employees first hear about important changes introduced by management.

9. Barriers to Effective Communication
Day-to-Day
Supervisors are busy and instead of planning their days in great detail, they are often forced to react to events and people.

10. Barriers to Effective Communication
Interruptions are frequent, allowing little time to be devoted to any single activity, additionally

11. Barriers to Effective Communication
Supervisors spend most of their time communicating verbally on the telephone, in meetings, or in one-on-one contacts.

12. The Barriers Language Listening Habits Lack of Feedback Perception
Role Requirements
Information Medium
Lack of Honesty

13. Words mean different thing to different people.
Language
Words mean different thing to different people.
Age, education, cultural background are three of the more obvious variables that influence the language people use and the definitions they give to words.

14. Lack of Feedback Use Feedback
How do you know is someone has received your message and comprehended it in the way that you meant?
Use Feedback

15. Senders and receivers each bring their own set of perceptual biases.
Perception
Your attitudes, interests, past experiences, and expectations determine how you organize and interpret your surroundings.
Senders and receivers each bring their own set of perceptual biases.

16. Role Requirements
People in organizations play roles. They engage in behavior patterns that go with the positions they occupy in the organization.
People playing different roles see and hear the world consistent with their role requirements.

17. Media differ in the Richness of Information they transmit.
Information Medium
Media differ in the Richness of Information they transmit.
A measure of the richness of information is the amount of information that is transmitted based on multiple information cues (words, posture, facial expressions, gestures, intonations), immediate feedback, and the personal touch.

18. Lack of Honesty
A good deal of what passes as “poor communication” is nothing other than individuals purposely avoiding honesty and openness

19. Improving Communication Effectiveness
Think First
Constrain Emotions
Learn to Listen
Tailor Language to the Receiver
Match Words with Action
Utilize Feedback
Participate in Assertiveness Training

20. Active Listening
A technique that requires an individual to “get inside” a speaker’s mind to understand the communication from the speaker’s point of view.

21. Active Listening Steps
Be Motivated
Make Eye Contact
Show Interest
Avoid Distracting Actions
Show Empathy
Take In the Whole Picture

22. Active Listening Steps
Ask Questions
Paraphrase
Don’t Interrupt
Integrate What’s Being Said
Don’t Overtalk
Confront Your Biases

23. Active Listening Steps
Make Smooth Transitions Between Speaker and Listener
Be Natural

24. The Importance of Giving Feedback
Focus on Specific Behaviors
Keep Feedback Impersonal
Keep Feedback Goal Oriented
Make Feedback Well Timed
Direct Negative Feedback