1. Elements of Design Art has a language if you were to compare it to our own language structure, principles of design are the sentence structures and elements of design are the words. Just like with language in order for your message to get across you use more than one word or element in a artwork

2. The elements line, shape, form, texture (and simulated texture), space (Perspective), Colour Line – They can be two dimensional like those on sheet of loose leaf or three dimensional like tree branches.

3. Artist: Hiroshige Title: Sudden Shower over O-Hashi Date:1800’s

4. Shape – They can only have two dimensions and can be either geometric or organic.

5. Montenegro, Maya Women, 1926 The artist used shape as a dominant element in his design. Some shapes are organic and some are geometric. The hard edges and sharp breaks between values and colours set off the various shapes.

6. Form – this is three-dimensional just like shape there are geometric forms (cubes, cones etc) and irregular (eggs, bottles, horses). This element is very important to sculptors where as painters usually use shading to create form. Artist: Henry MooreHenry Moore Title of artwork: Two Piece Reclining Figure - PointsTwo Piece Reclining Figure - Points

7. Texture – a painting may simulate textures by using colour and value to make the surface seem textured. Or artists will actually give the painting a texture by using a technique called impasto by putting the paint on bumpy or thick.

8. Klimt, The Park

9. Space (Perspective) – is when the illusion of depth is used to make a 2 dimensional surface look three dimensional. There are two types Linear which is all parallel lines go to a vanishing point and Aerial Perspective uses light and dark colours and sizes of things to create a feeling of depth.

10. Canaletto, The square of St. Mark’s, 1730

11. Colour – is one phase of art that is also a science. There are three terms to use when talking about colour, hue, value and intensity. Hue is the name of the colour, red Value is the dark or light quality of colour, pink is light of red. Intensity is the brightness of a colour.

12. Zurbaran, Still life with Lemons, Oranges and a Rose, 1633

14. Principles of Design The Principles of Design describe the general ways in which artists arrange the parts of their compositions. These organizers are balance, unity, emphasis, contrast, pattern, movement and rhythm.

15. Symmetrical Balance This is when there is an equal amount of information on either side of the painting

16. Symmetrical Balance This is when there is an equal amount of information on either side of the painting Artist: Hiroshige Title: Sudden Shower over O-Hashi Date:1800’s

17. Asymmetrical Balance Asymmetrical Balance means that large masses on one side of the painting maybe balanced by small masses on the other side.

18. Degas, The star, or Dancer on Stage, 1876-77

19. Unity This is when principles of design and the physical aspects of a painting combine to create a single, harmonious work.

20. Turner achieved unity in his dramatic painting of London in three ways 1)the values are mostly bright. 2)all forms are rendered abstractly. The painting also has colour unity. Turner used a limited palette of yellow and oranges so that all the hues are related. Turner, Burning of the houses of Parliament, 1835

21. Emphasis It answers the question “What is the artist trying to say.” Artists may have one or more elements stand out.

22. Vermeer emphasizes light in his work. The natural light entering from the open window floods the wall, girl and table. Vermeer also depicts the various reflected lights and different intensities of shadow Vermeer, Officer and Laughing Girl, 1655-1660

23. Contrast It is when there is various differences between elements such as the various brightness of colour.

24. Villon, Portrait of Mlle, 1913 Villon’s use of contrasting art elements such as value with the difference between light and dark, also there is a contrast between size and shape.

25. Rhythm This is established in a work when elements of the composition, such as curves, angles, or vertical or horizontal lines are repeated.

26. Pattern Pattern can be produced by the repetiton of motifs, colours, shapes or lines.

27. Movement Movement can be conveyed in many ways. Movement in painting directs the eyes of the viewer to the centre of interest. Sculpture can come alive with the infusion of movement.

28. Caravaggio. Martyrdom of St. Matthew Dell’Arca, The Lamentation