1. 2 nd Quarter Exam Review Helpful Pages R5-R7

2. Topics Covered Geography-pages 2-3 Reconstruction-pages 5-25 Moving West-pages 27-47 Immigration- pages 49-59 – City Problems & Inventions-pages 60-71 – Big Business-pages 72-81 Progressive Era-pages 82-87 Spanish American War-pages 89-99 World War I-pages 100-113B

3. What are the 4 significant cities of the Northeast Region?

4. 4 significant cities of the Northeast Region New York City* Pittsburgh Boston* Philadelphia

5. What are the states in the Southwest Region?

6. Southwest Region Arizona New Mexico Texas Oklahoma

7. What are the Noncontiguous states?

8. Noncontiguous Region Alaska Hawaii

9. What are the 3 significant cities in the Midwest?

10. ChicagoSt. Louis Detroit

11. Thirteenth Amendment 13 th

12. Ended/banned slavery

13. Fourteenth Amendment 14th

14. Citizenship to Blacks and full protection under the law (life, liberty & property).

15. Fifteenth Amendment 15th

16. Right to vote regardless of race, color or previous condition of servitude.

17. W.E.B. Du Bois

18. Segregation should be stopped now FULL political, civil, and social rights for African Americans.

19. Booker T. Washington

20. Accepted segregation Equality gained through vocational education

21. N.A.A.C.P

22. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Challenged segregation laws Fought for equal rights for blacks

23. 1 Reconstruction Policy

24. African Americans could hold political positions

25. 2 nd Reconstruction Policy

26. Union soldiers supervised the South

27. What were the restrictions that made it difficult for African Americans to vote?

28. Literacy Test Grandfather Clause Poll Tax

29. How did our view change of the great plains

30. Change of Perspective TREELESS WASTELAND VAST AREA TO BE SETTLED

31. What are the physical features of the great plains?

32. Flat lands Low rainfall Erosion Dust storms

33. What are the reasons for westward expansion? Why did we move West?

34. Land Adventure Railroad Gold Escape discrimination

35. What are the new technologies of the great plains

36. Steel Plow Sod Houses Windmills Barbed Wire Wheat Farming Railroads Reaper Beef Cattle Ranching

37. Transcontinental Railroad

38. Moved cattle from East to West Transported iron ore to steel factories Moved products to national markets

39. Chief Joseph

40. “I am tired of fighting…from where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever.” Attempted to lead his people into Canada to escape the U.S. government

41. Reservation

42. Native American tribes forced off their own land

43. Assimilation

44. The US government’s attempt to change American Indians to fit into US culture

45. What was the 1 st law passed that limited immigration in the US?

46. Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

47. What is a primary source?

48. 1 st hand account of an event Example: Diary of a soldier from WWI

49. What is a quota?

50. LIMITS ON NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS WHO CAN ENTER A COUNTRY

51. Immigration Processing Centers

52. Asian immigration station Angel Island- California European immigration station Ellis Island- New York

53. What was the biggest wave of Immigrants?

54. South Eastern Europe 1880-1920

55. Immigration PUSH Factors

56. Why did people leave their country Oppressive governments Poverty Overcrowding Crop failures Starvation and disease Limited land

57. PULL Factors Why did immigration increase?

58. Why did people come to America Hope for better opportunities Escape oppressive governments Adventure! Religious freedom Jobs (industry – not farming)

59. Where did people moved to find more and better job opportunities?

60. Better job opportunities in the city Moved from rural areas (farms) to urban areas (cities)

61. Labor Force

62. The workers in an industry

63. Captains of Industry

64. Leaders that used their business skills to make businesses Henry Ford Andrew Carnegie

65. Specialized Industry Detroit

66. Automobiles (cars)

67. Specialized Industry Pittsburgh

68. Steel

69. Who invented the light bulb?

70. Thomas Edison

71. Who invented the telephone?

72. Alexander Graham Bell Allowed people to communicate almost instantly

73. Who founded the Hull House?

74. Jane Adams

75. Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B. Anthony

76. Fought for women’s suffrage The right to vote 19 th Amendment gave women the right to vote

77. What organization fought for better working conditions

78. American Federation of Labor AFL

79. Political Machine

80. Controls the police and the courts Gained power by assisting immigrants to find housing

81. What are the causes and results of the Spanish American War?

82. Causes Results Protection of American Business interest in Cuba America supported Cuban independence from Spain The sinking of the U.S.S. Maine Exaggerated news reports The United States became a world power Cuba gained independence from Spain The United States gained – Puerto Rico – Guam – Philippines

83. Why did the United States build the Panama Canal?

84. To protect the newly acquired territories Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines

85. What message is the author trying to send?

86. Theodore Roosevelt is attempting to walk softly, but will use a big stick to accomplish his purpose

87. What is Imperialism?

88. Using power to get control of weaker nations

89. What is militarism?

90. A policy of glorifying military power

91. What is Nationalism?

92. A policy of taking extreme pride in one’s country

93. What is an Alliance?

94. Agreements between nations to protect each other

95. What was the “spark” that started WWI?

96. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

97. What is a German submarine?

98. U-Boat

99. What is Propaganda?

100. Ideas or information designed and distributed to influence peoples’ opinion

101. What is the Zimmermann Telegram?

102. Telegram from Germany asking Mexico to invade the U.S.

103. What are the 3 reason for the U.S. becoming involved in WWI?

104. Propaganda portraying Germans as a threat in America Sinking of the Lusitania Economic and political ties to Great Britain

105. What is an Armistice?

106. A temporary agreement to stop fighting

107. What was the FINAL point in Wilson’s 14 th point plan?

108. The League of Nations

109. What country was NOT represented at the Paris Peace Conference?

110. Germany

111. Which country never signed the Treaty of Versailles?

112. The United States

113. What are Reparations?

114. A debt a losing nation must pay Example: Germany

115. What is Isolationism?

116. A decision to avoid political or economic involvement with other nations Example: U.S. after WWI

117. What is neutrality?

118. A state of being neutral, on neither side of a fight especially nonparticipation in war

119. Name the Central & Allied Powers

120. Central Powers G ermany A ustria-Hungary B ulgaria O ttoman Empire Allied Powers France Britain Russia United States