1. Eric Erickson – Review 8 Stages of Social Development
Trust vs Mistrust (Infancy)
Needs comforting and minimal uncertainty to trust him/herself, others and the environment
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt (Toddler)
Works to master physical environment while maintaining self-esteem
Ex: If a toddler is not allowed to learn by doing, the toddler develops a sense of doubt in his/her abilities which may complicate later attempts at independence
Initiative vs Guilt (Preschool)
Begins to initiate, not imitate, activities; develops conscience and sexual identity
Ex: A preschooler who is made to feel that the activities he/she initiates are bad may develop a sense of guilt that inhibits the person later in life

2. Industry vs Inferiority (School Age Children)
Tries to develop a sense of self-worth by defining skills
Identity vs Role Confusion (Adolescent)
Tries integrating many roles (child, sibling, student, athlete, worker) into a self image under role model and peer pressure
Intimacy vs Isolation (Young Adult)
Learns to make personal commitment to another as spouse, or partner
Generativity vs Stagnation (Middle-Age Adult)
Seeks satisfaction through productivity in career, family and Civic Interests
Integrity vs Despair (Older Adult)
Reviews life accomplishments

3. Piaget – Cognitive Development
Video

4. Piaget - Overview
Piaget’s theory identifies four developmental stages and the processes by which children progress through them:
Sensorimotor stage (birth – 2 years old)–The child learns through physical interaction with his or her environment and by using their 5 senses; object permanence develops
Preoperational stage (ages 2-7)–The child thinks in symbols, or representational thought. Makes error in judgments & rational, animism, egocentric
Concrete operations (ages 7-11)–Can think rationally like an adults MINUS hypothetical and abstract thinking. Conservation & reversibility develops
Formal operations (beginning at ages 11-15)–By this point, the child’s cognitive structures are like those of an adult and include hypothetical and abstract reasoning.

5. Freud – Psychosexual Development
Freud's theory overview clip

6. 1) Oral Stage (ages 0-1 ½) –Focus – mouth
1) Oral Stage (ages 0-1 ½) –Focus – mouth. Gratifying activities: Nursing – eating, as well as mouth movements including sucking, gumming, biting and swallowing
2) Anal Stage (ages 1 ½ - 3) Focus – Anus
Gratifying activities: Bowel Movements & the withholding of such movements. Major event at this age is toilet training
3) Phallic Stage (age 4-5) Focus – Genital; develop a sexual identity by focusing on relationship with opposite sex parent
4) Latency (age 5-Puberty) Focus – None; Sexual feelings are suppressed to allow children to focus their energy on other aspects of life
5) Genital Stage (Puberty on) Focus – Genital; This stage is marked by renewed sexual interest and desire and the pursuit of relationships

7. Developmental Psychology
What is the definition of developmental psychology?
What are the 6 dimensions on which we develop as human beings?
Why is studying developmental psychology important?

9. INFANCY

10. Developmental Psychology
Infancy (2 weeks – 2 yrs)
Physical Social Cognitive
2 month – lift head month – 1st smile Sensorimotor – 5 senses /
3-6 months – roll over month – separation anxiety motor skills
8 months – crawl solitary play vocab = 250 words
1 year – walk Erickson’s stages 1 & Object Permanence
Most Rapid Growth

11. Erickson & Infancy Trust vs Mistrust
* Birth to 18 months (approximate)
* Success = Having basic needs met
* Critical Period
EX. Needs comforting /minimal uncertainty
to trust him/herself, others and the environment
Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
* 18 months - 3 yrs (approximate)
*Learn to master skills for ourselves
*“Terrible Twos” - “NO!!!” - develops important skills of will
Ex: If a toddler is not allowed to learn by doing, the toddler develops a sense of doubt in his/her abilities which may complicate later attempts at independence

12. Sensorimotor stage (birth – 2 years)
Piaget & Infancy
Sensorimotor stage (birth – 2 years)
*Communicate and Learn through SENSES and MOTOR SKILLS
*Thought derives from sensation and movement
*Explores things that can be seen, felt, touched; develops motor skills

13. Freud and Infancy… Oral Stage (age 0 – 1 ½)
*Nursing is a source of food AND love
*Insufficient / Forceful feeding can result in fixation
Symptoms of Oral Fixation
*Smoking
*Nail biting
*Overeating
*Drinking
*Sarcasm (“the biting personality”) & verbal hostility
*Constant chewing on gum, pens, pencils, etc