1. Study of Biology

2. What is Biology? Biology is the study of all living things Living things are called organisms Living things are called organisms Organisms include bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, & animals

3. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell (Have order) 2. They Reproduce 3. All Based On Universal Genetic Code (DNA) 4. Grow & Develop

4. Common Characteristics 5. Obtain & Use Materials & Energy (Metabolism) 6. Respond To Their Environment 7. Maintain A Stable Internal Environment 8. AS A GROUP, Living Things Evolve, That Is They Change Over Time

5. Characteristics of Organisms

6. All Organisms are made of Cells

7. Cell Facts Cells are the smallest living unit of an organism Cells are complex & highly organized

8. Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cells Unicellular Organisms Unicellular Organisms –Living Organism Made Up Of One Cell Multicellular Organisms Multicellular Organisms –Living Organism Made Up Of Many, Specialized Cells

9. Organisms Reproduce to Pass on their Genetic Traits

10. Two Types of Reproduction SexualAsexual ReproductionReproduction ReproductionReproduction

11. Cells Have a Genetic Code

12. Genetic Code DNA carries the genetic code for all organisms All organisms contain DNA

13. Organisms Grow & Develop

14. Growth & Development Organisms grow by producing MORE CELLS & by cell ENLARGEMENT Organisms develop as they mature into an adult organism

15. Cells Require Food & Energy

16. Metabolism Sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism All require energy Sunlight is the ultimate energy for life on Earth

17. Metabolism Cellular Respiration –Cells releasing the chemical energy stored in foods 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O

18. Organisms Respond to Stimuli Organisms Respond to stimuli (Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc.) In Order To Survive & Reproduce

19. Maintaining Stable Internal Environment Keeping The Internal Environment balanced = (Homeostasis) Stable internal conditions of pH, temperature, water balance, etc.

20. Living Things Evolve Groups Of Organisms (Not Individuals) Change Over Time In Order To Survive Within Changing Environments. Fossil records show changes in groups of organisms

21. Life is Organized on Several Levels

22. Levels BiosphereEcosystemCommunityPopulation

23. Levels Organisms Organ System OrgansTissues Cells – life starts here OrganellesMoleculesAtoms Subatomic Particles