1. Environmental Science Living Things in Ecosystems
LaVigne
Environmental Science Living Things in Ecosystems
Chapter 2
Notes #2

2. How species interact with each other
5 Major Interactions Among Biotic Factors in an Ecosystem
Predation
Competition
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism

3. How species interact with each other
Predation
On organism kills& eats another organism
Predator – the killer/eater
Feed on the young & weak
Limits the size of prey populations
Prey – gets eaten/killed
Prey declines the predators must find other prey

4. How species interact with each other
Predation Examples

5. How species interact with each other
Competition
2 or more organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same limited resources
can occur evenly if there’s no contact (indirect)
ex-2 insects, same plant, one feeds during the day, one at night

6. How species interact with each other
Parasitism
parasite- organisms that live in or on another organism & feed on it w/o immediately killing it
host- organism the parasite takes nourishment from
organisms are negatively affected by parasites
Mistletoe on an apple tree

7. How species interact with each other
Hungry Tick
Full Tick
Parasitism

8. How species interact with each other
Mutualism
a cooperative partnership between two species in which both species benefit
Example you & intestinal bacteria, bacteria aids you w/digestion you give bacteria warm home/food

9. How species interact with each other
Commensalism
One species benefits, the other is neither harmed nor helped
Remora & sharks attach to sharks & feed on scraps from their meals the sharks aren’t affected
Commensalism is very rare

10. How species interact with each other
Commensalism or Mutualism??
The sea anemone and the clown fish….
Scientists tend to agree that it is commensalism, there is not sufficient documented proof that the anemone benefits in any way…
Do the fish scare away other fish/predators???
Finding Nemo….do they keep the anemone clean???

11. Assignments
Complete and Hand in the Transparency #2 worksheet with the Section 2.1 on the back (you received this on Friday)
Complete the 2.2 Section review WS