1. Peatland Mapping and Policy Dipa Satriadi Rais Wetlands International – Indonesia Programme International Indonesia Peatland Conversation February 25-27, 2013 Bandung, Indonesia Name of presenter

2. Peatland aspects International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia Peatland as NON-RENEWABLE Land resource Peatland provides ecosystem services

3. Peatland as non-renewable land resource International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia Drainage accelerates peat depletion process Once depleted: peat gone forever, land value decreases

4. Peatland as non-renewable land resource International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia Peat depletion may result in land value deagradation if: -Basal contact resides below gravity drainability limit -Substratum contains potential acid sulphate substance Peat depletion may also cause higher production cost, higher maintenance cost: -Needs mechanical pumping -Amelioration cost for soil acidity -Damage to nearby water body due to increased acidity

5. Spatial planning: trade off between economic aspects and environment International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia Reclamation vs coservation/sustainable agriculture: Opportunity cost -When calculating financial benefit of each option: how long is the time frame? Small everlasting benefit may outweigh large short term benefit -Most peatlands are state land: Right over land may be succeeded from one to other right owners. Later successors may inherit depreciated land value, higher production cost, etc Energy security and future fuel consumption: -When land subsides and peat is depleted in future, continuous mechanical pumping will be necessary: Projected rise of fuel consumption, Not good from future Energy Security point of view

6. Opportunity cost: Brief overview International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia Lets assume benefit (a rough calculation) Oil palm plantations : IDR 30 millions/hectare/year Non drainage agriculture : IDR 10 millions/hectare/year If oil palm may last 50 years only, until cumulative subsidence causes land to drop to drainage limit Oil palm benefit = IDR 1,500 millions/hectare If non drainage agriculture can last 200 years (should be longer) Non drainage agriculture benefit = IDR 3,000 millions/hectare TIME FRAME MUST PRESENT IN AN OPPORTUNITY COST ANALYSIS !

7. What should be mapped?: Informations required in spatial planning International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia -Peat area, peat thickness, peat properties -Estimated peat utilization life (peat depletion time) under different landuses -Red zones (Critical areas that require special attention): -Peat domes with high carbon stocks and potential emissions -Peat domes that provides critical services for environment (such as maintaining base flows, etc) -Areas potential to excessive subsidence and prone to permanent flooding

8. Case study: Estimated peatland areas prone to permanent flooding in Jambi International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia

9. Challenges in peatland mapping International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia -Current available data is not well distributed over our peatland area: large gaps occur over most of our peatland -Requires innovations in field measurements and data processing technique -Scattered data, not well maintained into single database -Local land managers not well involved in peatland mapping: companies currently operating on peatland don’t map their peat

10. Towards more efficient mapping International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia Involve local land managers in peatland mapping: companies operating on peatland must map their peat, assign as an obligation (enact a regulation) For it: -is more cost efficient -can increase sense of belonging among local land managers -can increase the size of data acquisition area

11. Thank You International Indonesia Peatland Conversation | February 25-27, 2013 | Bandung, Indonesia