1. The Skills of Providing a Constructive Feedback Khalid Bin Abdulrahman MD, DPHC, ABFM, IAF, MHSc (MEd) Associate Professor of Family Medicine Vice-Dean for Postgraduate & Medical Education College of Medicine, King Saud University

2. Synopsis What is feedback? What is feedback? Why feedback? Why feedback? How to provide a constructive feedback? How to provide a constructive feedback? Exercise? Exercise? Innovations in methods of feedback? Innovations in methods of feedback? Take home message? Take home message?

3. What is a feedback?

4. Feedback: (is the information from the instructor to the learners about their past performance on the words which serve to enhance or modify future actions of learners), Veninga, 1975. Feedback: (is the information from the instructor to the learners about their past performance on the words which serve to enhance or modify future actions of learners), Veninga, 1975. What is a feedback?

5. Feedback: (is a return flow of ideas and opinions as a job is being done by the learners), Glover, 2000. Feedback: (is a return flow of ideas and opinions as a job is being done by the learners), Glover, 2000. What is a feedback?

6. Pause for Thought Why we need to provide a feedback to our Trainees?

7. Why a feedback? Provision of important information to the trainee. Provision of important information to the trainee. A stimulus for further learning and training. A stimulus for further learning and training. Show trainee the level of their performance. Show trainee the level of their performance. Address the weaknesses and deficiencies of the trainee. Address the weaknesses and deficiencies of the trainee. Decide the progress of the trainee. Decide the progress of the trainee. A method to evaluate the whole program A method to evaluate the whole program

8. Why feedback?

9. Criteria of a Good Feedback ConstructiveAppropriate

10. Constructive Feedback Constructive feedback can help the trainee to improve in their knowledge, skills and attitudes Constructive feedback can help the trainee to improve in their knowledge, skills and attitudes It can help them to rate their clinical practice in a realistic way It can help them to rate their clinical practice in a realistic way It can help them to be more self-regulated about their learning It can help them to be more self-regulated about their learning It should be focused on behaviour rather than the person, and on observations rather than inferences or judgments It should be focused on behaviour rather than the person, and on observations rather than inferences or judgments

11. Appropriate Feedback Feedback should be completed as soon as possible after the event, before they forget details of the events

12. Event feedback. Event feedback. Confidentiality and privacy should always be respected. Confidentiality and privacy should always be respected. Check if the feedback has been understood Check if the feedback has been understood More than one approach is preferred (e.g. visual and verbal in the same time) More than one approach is preferred (e.g. visual and verbal in the same time) Appropriate Feedback

13. How to provide a constructive appropriate feedback? Feedback starts with a positive statement, followed by a negative statement and finish with a positive statement

14. Recommended feedback techniques in giving a feedback sandwich Creating a respectful, friendly, open-minded unthreatening climate Creating a respectful, friendly, open-minded unthreatening climate Eliciting thoughts and feelings before giving feedback Eliciting thoughts and feelings before giving feedback Being nonjudgmental Being nonjudgmental Focusing on behaviour and specific observed facts Focusing on behaviour and specific observed facts Giving right amount of feedback Giving right amount of feedback Suggesting ideas for improvement Suggesting ideas for improvement Basing feedback on well-defined, negotiated goals Basing feedback on well-defined, negotiated goals

15. Exercise 1) Design a good feedback sandwich scenario to a junior resident doing training in your clinic. 2) Design a bad feedback sandwich scenario to a junior resident doing training in your clinic.

16. Checklist Creating a respectful, friendly, open-minded unthreatening climate Creating a respectful, friendly, open-minded unthreatening climate Eliciting thoughts and feelings before giving feedback Eliciting thoughts and feelings before giving feedback Being nonjudgmental Being nonjudgmental Focusing on behaviour and specific observed facts Focusing on behaviour and specific observed facts Giving right amount of feedback Giving right amount of feedback Suggesting ideas for improvement Suggesting ideas for improvement Basing feedback on well-defined, negotiated goals Basing feedback on well-defined, negotiated goals Positive –----- Negative----- - Positive

17. Innovations in Feedback Methods Verbal vs. Visual Verbal vs. Visual Written vs. Oral Written vs. Oral Self feedback vs. Others feedback Self feedback vs. Others feedback Video recording feedback Video recording feedback

18. Take Home Message A constructive & appropriate feedback sandwich is an essential tool to improve our trainees

19. Thank you