1. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart1 Status of the general purpose I/O system LMB u DCS Architecture u LMB u Local Monitor Box (LMB) u Concept u Measurements and Results u Future

2. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart2 Subdetectors

3. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart3 Detector organization  Hierarchical organisation of quasi independent units (“objects”)  Separation for various reasons (organisational, operational, geometrical, etc.)  Units have to operate stand-alone and integrated  Data flow mainly vertically  Common Infrastructure handled like a subdetector

4. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart4 DCS Architecture

5. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart5 Hierarchical levels of DCS Supervisor Level operator consoleshift operator, sub-system expert serverdata base, DAQ, External system Subsystem control level SCADA Local Ctrl StationGas, HV, endcap SCADA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FE I/O Device Control FE I/O stand-alone systemalignment, gas analyser Fieldbus nodechamber, power supply PLCcooling, gas mixer Sensors, actuators

6. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart6 Requirements I/O system u Radiation (10 11 neutrons/cm 2 over 10 years outside of calorimeter) u analogue effects (e.g. loss of gain) u Single Event Upset (e.g. program corruption) u Magnetic field (up to 1000 Gauss in UX15 racks) u Access restriction u I/O points distributed over whole detector volume ( up to 100m distances) u Standardized connections to SCADA u HW: Fieldbus, LAN u SW: OPC, TCP/IP

7. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart7 Front-end I/O system Separation in Sub-detector specific and General Purpose I/O system Reasons for General Purpose I/O system: u needed for monitoring common infrastructure u radiation tolerance u high production volume (price) u maintenance u interfacing to SCADA u common software, only configuring needed

8. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart8 Concept of LMB u Modular system made out of building blocks (original idea from NIKHEF) u CAN node u I/O unit (e.g. ADC, bit I/O) u signal conditioning (e.g. range, excitation current) u add-on features (e.g. interlocks) u Different packaging (e.g. stand-alone, plug-on board, embedded on existing PCB) u Prototyping in ATLAS (in collaboration with sub- detectors), production in industry u Industrial standard (CAN)

9. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart9 LMB Design Features u Radiation Tolerance u selected COTS u over-design performance, allow for degradation u operate at lower values than specified u install at protected and accessible places u replace after n years u Operation in magnetic field u no coils, chokes, transformers, DC/DC u remote power u Limited access u remote diagnostics u remote loading of programs and reset

10. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart10 Implementation of LMB u Prototype series produced (40 + 100 modules) and given to all ATLAS sub-detectors ( + others) u Existing building blocks: u CAN controller module u front end I/O board u multiplexed ADC 16+7 bit, 16-64 channels u digital I/O ( in preparation) u signal adaptation board u PT100 (4-wire connection) u PTx, NTC (2-wire connection) (LAr, BNL) u voltage, current adapters u interlock circuit (Pixel, Wuppertal)

11. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart11 LMB block diagram

12. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart12 LMB Front-end board

13. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart13 LMB prototype

14. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart14 Radiation measurements u 1998 in TCC2, LMB not powered u 79 days, 200 Gy, 2*10 12 neutrons/cm 2 u 2 EEPROM cells changed u substantial gain loss of opto-couplers u 1998 at PROSPERO reactor, neutrons < 4 MeV, LMB read out u 5 hours, 9*10 12 neutrons/cm 2 u substantial gain loss of opto-couplers

15. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart15 Radiation measurements (cont.) u 1999 in TCC2, LMB read out u 80 days, 200Gy, 2*10 12 neutrons/cm 2 u different opto-couplers (see plot) u some multiplexer failed after 75 Gy u increased power consumption and some functional problems after 125 Gy and 10 12 neutrons/cm 2 u 3 cases of program corruption, power on/off cured problem

16. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart16 Radiation tests in TCC2 Objectives: long-term stability of operation in a radiation environment behavior of components e.g. optos, EEPROM

17. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart17 Radiation test opto-couplers

18. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart18 LAr High Precision Temp. Meas.

19. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart19 Precision Temperature measurement

20. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart20 Precision Temperature measurement

21. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart21 Pixel Cooling System u some 100 temperature sensors u some 10 other ADC channels (flow, pressure, etc) u Feedback loops (ADC, DAC) u use LMB for ADC, industrial CAN modules for rest

22. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart22 Performance and features of LMB u Resolution 16 bit (0.8mK) u absolute accuracy 4*10 -5 (3mK) u long term stability 50ppm over one month u radiation tolerance basically ok u weak components eliminated u final test to be done u works in magnetic field (9kG) u in-field programmable u CAN standard u low cost (2US$ per ADC_chan)

23. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart23 Future LMB Further developments: u Digital I/O u DAC u Bus converters (e.g. JTAG, I2C) u Dedicated functions with custom programs in micro-controller

24. DCS TCSG November 10th 1999, H.J.Burckhart24 Summary u LMB concept very suited for distributed DCS u Necessary performance achieved u Projected price “very reasonable” u LMB adopted as baseline by some subdetectors u LMB review started (Web: ATLAS->T/DAQ->DCS) u Questions to subdetectors: u what application u what type of modules u number of channels, granularity u packaging (stand alone, plug-on, embedded) u time scale