1. Feudalism - Step 1 –A political system in which kings and powerful nobles (lords) distributed land to less powerful nobles (vassals). Feudalism - Step 1 –A political system in which kings and powerful nobles (lords) distributed land to less powerful nobles (vassals).

2. Feudalism - Step 2 In return these nobles promised loyalty, military assistance, and other services to the more powerful lord above him. Feudalism - Step 3 Peasants and serfs living on this land will be protected.

3. FEUDALISM

4. FEUDAL RELATIONSHIPS - BETWEEN LORD & VASSAL 1. Honorable relationship Only nobles could be lords/vassals. 2. The same man can be both a lord and a vassal. 3. Very personal relationship Each man owed loyalties and obligations to the lord directly above him, or to the vassal below him. FEUDAL RELATIONSHIPS - BETWEEN LORD & VASSAL 1. Honorable relationship Only nobles could be lords/vassals. 2. The same man can be both a lord and a vassal. 3. Very personal relationship Each man owed loyalties and obligations to the lord directly above him, or to the vassal below him.

5. FEUDALISM FILL IN THE GRAPHIC ORGANIZER AS WE GO PARTICIPANTS –KINGS Description- Still ruled the country, but were weak and incapable of protecting their people. Role in Feudalism- They granted land on their royal estate to powerful nobles in return for military service. PARTICIPANTS –KINGS Description- Still ruled the country, but were weak and incapable of protecting their people. Role in Feudalism- They granted land on their royal estate to powerful nobles in return for military service. Pay attention to the pictures

6. FEUDALISM PARTICIPANTS –LORDS Description- Powerful nobles with economic and social superiority. Lived in castles, on land granted to them by the king. Lords acted as the government over their lands. Obligation to King- Lords swear loyalty to the king and provide him with military assistance when needed. PARTICIPANTS –LORDS Description- Powerful nobles with economic and social superiority. Lived in castles, on land granted to them by the king. Lords acted as the government over their lands. Obligation to King- Lords swear loyalty to the king and provide him with military assistance when needed. Pay attention to the pictures

7. FEUDALISM PARTICIPANTS –LORDS Role in Feudalism- Lords then split up their extra land and grant it to noble vassals below them. Obligation to Vassals- Offered protection to vassals Treated vassals as equals Helped organize agriculture and industry

8. FEUDALISM PARICIPANTS –VASSALS Description- Less powerful nobles. Warriors and sometimes knights. Skilled in war. They received the extra land (fief) from lords. Obligations to Lord- Vassals swore an oath of fealty (loyalty) to their lord and promised him military assistance and other services when needed. PARICIPANTS –VASSALS Description- Less powerful nobles. Warriors and sometimes knights. Skilled in war. They received the extra land (fief) from lords. Obligations to Lord- Vassals swore an oath of fealty (loyalty) to their lord and promised him military assistance and other services when needed. Pay attention to the pictures

9. FEUDALISM PARICIPANTS –VASSALS Additional Obligations to the Lord- Provided armor, swords, and cavalry for the Lords army Paid armies while at war Sat in the lord’s court and judged cases Provided lodging to lord when he traveled Offered gifts to lord’s son or daughter Paid ransom if lord was captured PARICIPANTS –VASSALS Additional Obligations to the Lord- Provided armor, swords, and cavalry for the Lords army Paid armies while at war Sat in the lord’s court and judged cases Provided lodging to lord when he traveled Offered gifts to lord’s son or daughter Paid ransom if lord was captured Pay attention to the pictures

10. FEUDALISM PARTICIPANTS –VASSALS Role in Feudalism- Vassals took the land (fief) granted to them by the lord and the people already on the land, and established self-sufficient communities. Obligations to Peasants & Serfs Provide them with safety and protection. PARTICIPANTS –VASSALS Role in Feudalism- Vassals took the land (fief) granted to them by the lord and the people already on the land, and established self-sufficient communities. Obligations to Peasants & Serfs Provide them with safety and protection.

11. FEUDALISM PARICIPANTS –PEASANTS & SERFS Role in Feudalism- Peasants & Serfs received protection from invaders. Obligations to the Vassal (their lord)- Peasants and serfs provided the labor on the Vassals land.

12. Face of the country Powerful & Rich Upper Middle Class & Elite Fighters Poverty Stricken But kings had little power

13. FEUDALISM

14. Feudalism LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) PROTECTION POWERFUL NOBLES KING SERFS AND PEASANTS LAND AND PROTECTION LAND LOYALTY AND SERVICE LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LABOR

15. FEUDALISM Failure to Fulfill Obligations –Vassals can renounce loyalty if lord; Fails to protect vassal Mistreats vassal Adds obligations that were not part of the feudal contract Failure to Fulfill Obligations –Vassals can renounce loyalty if lord; Fails to protect vassal Mistreats vassal Adds obligations that were not part of the feudal contract

16. FEUDALISM Failure to Fulfill Obligations –Lords can also opt out of contract if vassal fails to meet their obligations. Vassals then tried for treachery Vassals could lose fief or life if guilty Failure to Fulfill Obligations –Lords can also opt out of contract if vassal fails to meet their obligations. Vassals then tried for treachery Vassals could lose fief or life if guilty

17. FEUDALISM Feudal Justice 1.Trial by Battle - Duel 2.Compurgation (oath-taking) - Witnesses 3.Ordeal - Healing ability Feudal Justice 1.Trial by Battle - Duel 2.Compurgation (oath-taking) - Witnesses 3.Ordeal - Healing ability

18. FEUDALISM Warfare –Kingdom vs Kingdom –Lord vs Lord –Lord vs Vassal –Vassal vs Peasants Warfare –Kingdom vs Kingdom –Lord vs Lord –Lord vs Vassal –Vassal vs Peasants There was constant war during the middle ages

19. FEUDALISM Warfare –Knights fought for lords Highly skilled soldiers from noble families Charged fee for fighting –Excepted land as payment –Warfare brought nobles the opportunity to acquire wealth & glory Warfare –Knights fought for lords Highly skilled soldiers from noble families Charged fee for fighting –Excepted land as payment –Warfare brought nobles the opportunity to acquire wealth & glory Early feudal knight “fighting man”

20. FEUDAL WEAPONS

21. FEUDALISM Warfare –Society suffered –The Church tried to regulate war Peace of God Truce of God –Enforcement was a problem Warfare –Society suffered –The Church tried to regulate war Peace of God Truce of God –Enforcement was a problem

22. FEUDALISM Chivalry –Code of conduct for knights Bravery Loyalty Respect Courtesy and Manners –Helped improve behavior –Coats of arms became badges of nobility Chivalry –Code of conduct for knights Bravery Loyalty Respect Courtesy and Manners –Helped improve behavior –Coats of arms became badges of nobility

23. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM This was the economic system during the Middle Ages. Manor - an almost completely self-sufficient community. –Manor house –Church –Pastures –Fields –Mills –Villages peasants and serfs This was the economic system during the Middle Ages. Manor - an almost completely self-sufficient community. –Manor house –Church –Pastures –Fields –Mills –Villages peasants and serfs 3 field system -->

24. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Overview –Manors need to import salt, metals, and iron –The lord keeps 1/3 of the land for himself Overview –Manors need to import salt, metals, and iron –The lord keeps 1/3 of the land for himself Domain

25. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Overview –The other 2/3 is rented out to peasants They work their land and give the lord part of their crops to pay rent They pay additional taxes –Serfs & peasants do all the backbreaking work, in return they are protected by the lord Overview –The other 2/3 is rented out to peasants They work their land and give the lord part of their crops to pay rent They pay additional taxes –Serfs & peasants do all the backbreaking work, in return they are protected by the lord

26. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Lord / Vassal –Oversaw production –Provided safety and protection Clergy –Handled religious duties Administered sacraments Lord / Vassal –Oversaw production –Provided safety and protection Clergy –Handled religious duties Administered sacraments

27. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Nobility –Housing A Manor Home or an early version castle was home to the lord. These early structures were built for defense not comfort. Life on the Manor - Nobility –Housing A Manor Home or an early version castle was home to the lord. These early structures were built for defense not comfort. Early Mott Bailey Style Castle Large stone castles come later in the middle ages

28. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Nobility –Clothing »Bright colors, nice material, and long jackets were a sign of wealth »Women wore long gowns & headdresses Life on the Manor - Nobility –Clothing »Bright colors, nice material, and long jackets were a sign of wealth »Women wore long gowns & headdresses Linen tunicHead dress

29. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Nobility –Food Meat (read meats, pork, poultry) –Cooked and delivered by servants Fresh bread, vegetables and wine Life on the Manor - Nobility –Food Meat (read meats, pork, poultry) –Cooked and delivered by servants Fresh bread, vegetables and wine

30. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Nobility –Entertainment Juggling Feasts & banquets Jousting & tournaments Music Life on the Manor - Nobility –Entertainment Juggling Feasts & banquets Jousting & tournaments Music

31. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Nobility –Women Many women were educated in etiquette, dance, and music. »Monitored servants Life on the Manor - Nobility –Women Many women were educated in etiquette, dance, and music. »Monitored servants

32. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Clergy –Housing Local priests lived in small homes next to the church Life on the Manor - Clergy –Housing Local priests lived in small homes next to the church Clothing Priests wore black Bishops wore white, red, gold

33. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Backbone of the manor –Skilled Peasants Free people who could rent land from their lord –Paid rent in the form of labor & taxes Millers, Blacksmiths, Carpenters, and Stonemasons –Repaired and built buildings, roads, and villages –Made armor, weapons, furniture Worked long days, 6 days a week Backbone of the manor –Skilled Peasants Free people who could rent land from their lord –Paid rent in the form of labor & taxes Millers, Blacksmiths, Carpenters, and Stonemasons –Repaired and built buildings, roads, and villages –Made armor, weapons, furniture Worked long days, 6 days a week

34. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Backbone of the manor –Additional Requirements of Peasants Plowed fields Planted grains & vegetables in the fields Harvested agricultural products Backbone of the manor –Additional Requirements of Peasants Plowed fields Planted grains & vegetables in the fields Harvested agricultural products

35. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Backbone of the manor –Serfs Bound to the land Restrictions to freedom Produced food for the manor Provided labor intense work in the fields & cared for livestock Terrible living conditions Worked long days, 6 days a week Backbone of the manor –Serfs Bound to the land Restrictions to freedom Produced food for the manor Provided labor intense work in the fields & cared for livestock Terrible living conditions Worked long days, 6 days a week

36. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM A typical day in the life of a serf

37. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Peasants & Serfs –Housing »Dirty, muddy, smoky, cold, damp »One room shared by family & livestock »Mud floors, leaky thatch roofs Life on the Manor - Peasants & Serfs –Housing »Dirty, muddy, smoky, cold, damp »One room shared by family & livestock »Mud floors, leaky thatch roofs

38. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Peasants & Serfs –Clothing Cheap tunics made from wool or sheepskin Long wool dresses Rope beltsSerfs wore “Dog Tags” Life on the Manor - Peasants & Serfs –Clothing Cheap tunics made from wool or sheepskin Long wool dresses Rope beltsSerfs wore “Dog Tags”

39. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor - Peasants & Serfs –Food –Dark bread made out of rye grain. –They ate stew with vegetables from garden in it. –Peasants did not eat much meat. »They could hunt rabbits or hares but might be punished for this by their lord. »And Beer …. Life on the Manor - Peasants & Serfs –Food –Dark bread made out of rye grain. –They ate stew with vegetables from garden in it. –Peasants did not eat much meat. »They could hunt rabbits or hares but might be punished for this by their lord. »And Beer ….

40. THE MANORIAL SYSTEM Life on the Manor – Peasants & Serfs –Entertainment Village Festivals Traveling Troubadours Story Telling Drinking Life on the Manor – Peasants & Serfs –Entertainment Village Festivals Traveling Troubadours Story Telling Drinking

41. MANORIALISM Life on the Manor – Peasants & Serfs –Women Livestock Clothes making Baking Cared for children

42. PEASANT & SERF COMPARISON VENN DIAGRAM PeasantsSerfs Both Not bound to land - Free they could leave manor Could rent land Paid rent in labor & taxes Skilled in different trades Worked for lord Received protection Lived in village Bound to land No freedom Couldn’t leave or marry without approval If land was sold, serfs stayed Wore “dog tags”

43. PEASANT & SERF COMPARISON VENN DIAGRAM PeasantsSerfs Both