1. Shipment 组员常天滋 滑春颖 郭丽翠 贾忠秀 王文洁 Unit 11

2. Transportation modes 1. Ocean Transportation l iner transportation fixed sailing route ; fixed timetable ; fixed freight rates; regular services charter transportation 2.Air Transportation 3. Container Transportation 4. Rail Transportation 5. Truck/Road Transportation 6. Pipeline Transportation 7. International multimodal Transporation

3. Transportation Documents 1. Bill of Lading 提单 2. Commercial Invoice 商业发票 3. Insurance Policy or Certificate 保险单或保险凭证 4. Packing List 装箱单 5. Certificate of Origin 原产地证书 6. Certificate of Value 价值证书 7. Weight Memo 重量单

4. The functions of B/L A Reciept of Cargo 货物收据 An Evidence of Contract of Carriage 运输契约证明 A Document of Title to the Goods 物权凭证 Types of the B/L 1. Based on whether the goods are shipped  Shipped B/L 已装船提单  Received for Shipment B/L 待运提单 2. Based on whether a bad note is added on the goods by carrier  clean B/L 清洁提单  Unclean B/L 不清洁提单 3. Based on the types of the consignee  Straight B/L 有记名提单  Order B/L(most common) 指示提单  Open B/L 不记名提单

5. 4. Based on whether transshipment is involved in transit Direct B/L 直接提单 Transshipment B/L 转船提单 5.Based on the perplexity or simpicity of the bill content  Long Form B/L 详式提单  Short Form B/L 简式提单 6. Based on the payment condition of freight  Freight Prepaid B/L 运费已付提单  Freight to Be Collected B/L 运费未付提单 7. Based on the Validity of the B/L  Original of B/L 原件提单  Copy B/L 复印件提单 Other types of B/L  Stale B/L 过期提单 On-Deck B/L 舱面提单  Ante-dated B/L 倒签提单 Advavced B/L 预借提单

6. shipment clause of in the sales contract 1. Time of Shipment / Time of Delivery 装运时间 / 交货时间 For all shipment contracts: 装运合同 the time of shipment means time of delivery;Symbolic Delivery ; the transfer of documents; For all delivery contracts: 交货合同 Actual Delivery; The goods are actually transferred from seller to buyer;

7. Stipulating "Time of shipment" 装运时间规定  Specifing a fixed period of time or a deadline eg: Shipment is to be made during January. Shipment is not later than 31st July 2013.  Setting a time period upon receipt of payment eg: Shipment is to be made within 30 days after receipt of the L/C. Factors taken into consideration: availability in goods shipping space payment

8. 2. Port of Shipment / Port of Destination 装运港 / 目的港 For seller,the following taken into consideration: A shipment port should be close to the origin of the goods. Port facilities,regulations,specific tansportation conditions and charges The stipulations of the port of destination should be definite and specific. 3. Lay time 装卸时间 4. Demurrage 滞期费 5. Dispatch 速遣费

9. 6. Partial shipment and Transshipment 分批装运和转船 The reasons for partial shipment: the lack of means of conveyance or shipping space available the limitation of loading or unloading facilities at the port of ship- ment or destination the restriction of market capacity or production ability The reasons for transshipment: Ships sailing direction to the port of the destination are not available. Direct sailings to the destination are few and far between. No suitable ships are available at the stipulated period. The port of destination does not tie along the sailing route of the liner service. The amount of cargo for a certain port of destination is so small that no ships will calls at that port.

10. letter of shipment pay attention: the name of the commodity,quantity shipping advice /shipping instruction shipping marks shipping documents hope for further coopration in the further If the goods need partial shipment or transshipment, the seller should tell the reason and get the confirmation from the buyer.

11. A Dear sirs, We have received your letter of October 1,asking us to modify the previous arrangements for the shipment of the captioned goods. We understand that instead of two equal shipments in January and February next year,you now wish to have 80% of the goods shipped in November and the balance in December this year. In reply,we wish to inform you that although we are in a position to supply you with the goods against the above order from stock we are advised by the shipping company that because direct vessels,whether liner or tramp,sailing for your port are few and far between,the shipping space has been fully booked up to the end of November.In the circumstances,we regret being unable to meet your request.

12. However,if you would allow transshipment at Hong Kong we would do our best to make further contacts with the shipping company for the shipment of the first lot of the goods in November.In this case,you must bear the additional charges.In spite of this,we wonder if the goods in question will reach you earlier than the originally scheduled time. Please take the above into consideration and let us know your decision as early as possible. Yours faithfully

13. shipping advice 装船通知，又称 notice of shipment, 即卖方对买 方所发的告知货物已于某月某日或将于某年某日装运的通知。其 内容包括契约号码、货品、装运数量、船名、装运日期、预定到 达日、装运港、目的港等。 shipping instruction 装船须知，是买方在装运前将装运要求书 面通知卖方洽办，说明装船方式、包装规定等。 shipping marks 装运唛头，包括三个部分：收货人或发货人的 标记以及简单的几何图形；目的港名称；件号。它的主要功能： 避免强装强卸，已于识别寻找，已于计划装卸体积，简化标记， 保持商业秘密。

14. 装运是对外经济贸易中的一个重要的环节，是卖方履行交货的义 务。在这一环节中，买卖双方要注意以下几个问题： 1 货物装运后，卖方应立即通知买方，发出装运通知。如果价格条款 是 FOB 或 CFR ，买方在收到通知后应立即办理保险。 2 如果合约中有规定，允许卖方分批装运，要记住下列常用句型： The goods are shipped in 3 equal monthly installments beginning from September. 货物应分三批按月等量装运， 9 月开始。 3 如果合约中有规定，允许卖方转船，要记住以下常用句型： Transshipment is to be made at Hong Kong. 货物在香港转船。