2. Limited Visibility Navigation

3. Program Topics USCG Navigation Rules USCG Navigation Rules Navigation Rules (International - Inland), COMDTINST M16672.2D Navigation Rules (International - Inland), COMDTINST M16672.2D Dealing with Limited Visibility Situations Dealing with Limited Visibility Situations What to have onboard What to have onboard Discussion: “Been there…Done that?” Discussion: “Been there…Done that?”

4. “Just when you think it is safe.” “No matter how much pre-planning, weather checking, or speed you can run, there will be sometime, someplace, you will have to deal with a limited visibility situation.” “No matter how much pre-planning, weather checking, or speed you can run, there will be sometime, someplace, you will have to deal with a limited visibility situation.”

5. When we are least expecting it… Engine/sail problems Engine/sail problems Out of Fuel Out of Fuel Other break downs Other break downs Poor planning ( weather, time distance, sundown) Poor planning ( weather, time distance, sundown) Other? Other?

6. USCG Navigation Rules Navigation Rules (International - Inland), COMDTINST M16672.2D Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master, or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case. Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master, or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.

7. USCG Navigation Rules Part A - General Rule 1 - Application (International / Inland) Rule 2 - Responsibility Rule 3 - General Definitions Rule 1 - Application (International / Inland) Rule 2 - Responsibility Rule 3 - General DefinitionsInternationalInland Rule 2 Rule 3InternationalInland Rule 2 Rule 3 Part B - Steering and Sailing Rules Part B - Steering and Sailing Rules Section/Subpart I - Conduct of Vessels in Any Condition of Visibility. Section/Subpart I - Conduct of Vessels in Any Condition of Visibility. Rule 4 - Application Rule 5 - Look-Out Rule 6 - Safe Speed Rule 7 - Risk of Collision Rule 8 - Action to Avoid Collision Rule 9 - Narrow Channels Rule 10 - Traffic Separation Schemes/Vessel Traffic Services Rule 4 - Application Rule 5 - Look-Out Rule 6 - Safe Speed Rule 7 - Risk of Collision Rule 8 - Action to Avoid Collision Rule 9 - Narrow Channels Rule 10 - Traffic Separation Schemes/Vessel Traffic Services Rule 4 Rule 5 Rule 6 Rule 7 Rule 8 Rule 9 Rule 10 Rule 4 Rule 5 Rule 6 Rule 7 Rule 8 Rule 9 Rule 10

8. Rule 3Rule 3 - General Definitions Rule 3 “The term "restricted visibility" means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.” “The term "restricted visibility" means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.”

9. Night Operations Night Operations Heavy Overcast Heavy Overcast Fog Fog Smoke Smoke Combinations of the above Combinations of the above What are some limited visibility situations?

10. Night Operations Running/Steaming Lights Running/Steaming Lights “Slow Down.” “Slow Down.” ATON recognition ATON recognition Chart Information Chart Information On-Board lighting On-Board lighting Posting a watch Posting a watch Over the water lights Over the water lights

11. Fog Avection Fog Avection Fog –Sea fog –Common in coastal waters –Warm moist air over cooler land or water –Needs light winds- up to 15MPH –Long lasting –Can clear and reoccur rapidly –Occurs mostly in cooler seasons

12. Smoke Common in NC Common in NC Can occur with fog Can occur with fog Same visibility conditions as fog Same visibility conditions as fog But fog doesn’t burn your eyes! But fog doesn’t burn your eyes!

13. Limited Visibility Precautions Mark position: GPS AND Paper Charts prior to entering situation Mark position: GPS AND Paper Charts prior to entering situation Turn on operational lighting (running/steaming) Turn on operational lighting (running/steaming) Reduce Speed Reduce Speed Assign lookouts to look and listen Assign lookouts to look and listen Consider anchoring if out of shipping lanes Consider anchoring if out of shipping lanes Be prepared to give appropriate sound signals Be prepared to give appropriate sound signals Keep VHF Channel 16, 13 Keep VHF Channel 16, 13

14. Equipment Charts, rules, pencils Charts, rules, pencils Boat Hook (s) Boat Hook (s) Bearing Compass Bearing Compass Binoculars (7x50) Binoculars (7x50) Life jacket (s) Life jacket (s) Harness when single-handing Harness when single-handing Spotlight/Flashlights (spare batteries) Spotlight/Flashlights (spare batteries) Sound producing device (s) Sound producing device (s) MOB procedures for crew MOB procedures for crew Other? Other?

15. Sound Signals Any vessel less than 39.4 feet/12 meters in length may carry a whistle or horn, or some other means to make an efficient sound signal to signal your intentions and to signal your position in periods of reduced visibility. Any vessel less than 39.4 feet/12 meters in length may carry a whistle or horn, or some other means to make an efficient sound signal to signal your intentions and to signal your position in periods of reduced visibility. When operating on Inland Waters of the United States, vessels 39.4 feet/12 meters or more in length are required to carry on board a whistle or horn, and a bell. When operating on Inland Waters of the United States, vessels 39.4 feet/12 meters or more in length are required to carry on board a whistle or horn, and a bell. Note: The requirement to carry a bell on board no longer applies to vessels operating on International Waters. Note: The requirement to carry a bell on board no longer applies to vessels operating on International Waters.

16. Sound Signals 1 Short Blasts (1 sec.)

17. Sound Signals 2 Short Blasts (1 sec, each)

18. Lighting On Board Your Vessel

19. Map

20. Reading Light Configurations Multiple configurations: See: USCG Navigation Rules Multiple configurations: See: USCG Navigation Rules Tugs/Barges are common on the ICW Tugs/Barges are common on the ICW Vertical (masthead) lighting indicates towing, pulling, pushing, or along side. Vertical (masthead) lighting indicates towing, pulling, pushing, or along side. Two-Three Masthead White Lights: “Towing Astern” Two-Three Masthead White Lights: “Towing Astern” Restricted maneuverability Restricted maneuverability Example: tow is exceeds 200 meters Example: tow is exceeds 200 meters

21. ATON Lights on Charts G FL 4 sec G FL 4 sec F Fl F Fl E Int 4 sec E Int 4 sec Qk Fl Qk Fl Gp Fl (3) 10 sec Gp Fl (3) 10 sec Gp Occ (2) 8 sec Gp Occ (2) 8 sec Fl (2+1) G 6 sec 15ft 3m “RS” (Newport River, ICW) North of Beaufort Fl (2+1) G 6 sec 15ft 3m “RS” (Newport River, ICW) North of Beaufort

22. US Chart Book Number 1 Nautical Chart Symbols, Abbreviations and Terms Free Online: http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/c hartno1.htm#toc http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/mcd/c hartno1.htm#toc

23. “Gremlins” : Confusion of the Senses Floating or semi-submerged objects Floating or semi-submerged objects Night vision (night eyes) Night vision (night eyes) Falling asleep at the helm Falling asleep at the helm “Trance state” “Trance state” Illusions or other cheap psychological tricks Illusions or other cheap psychological tricks Hope Murphy or his pal Finagle don’t show up Hope Murphy or his pal Finagle don’t show up

24. Finagle's Law of Dynamic Negatives Anything that can go wrong, will—at the worst possible moment !

25. Famous Last Words “GPS? Charts? None of this makes any sense.” “GPS? Charts? None of this makes any sense.” “ I know that green 3 can is around here somewhere.” BONG!! “ I know that green 3 can is around here somewhere.” BONG!! “What hand signal do I use to tell you I’ve dropped the spotlight overboard.” “What hand signal do I use to tell you I’ve dropped the spotlight overboard.” “ Just aim right at the light, dear.” “ Just aim right at the light, dear.” “ Is he coming toward us or moving away?” “ Is he coming toward us or moving away?” “ Don’t worry, he’s got RADAR.” “ Don’t worry, he’s got RADAR.” “That was #1. There is red 6. What happened to 2 & 4?” “That was #1. There is red 6. What happened to 2 & 4?” “ I don’t know why you brought me out here.” “ I don’t know why you brought me out here.”

26. On Line Nav Rules: Free!! http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/mwv/navrule s/download.htm http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/mwv/navrule s/download.htm

27. Free: United States Coast Pilot® http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/nsd/c pdownload.htm http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/nsd/c pdownload.htm http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/nsd/c pdownload.htm http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/nsd/c pdownload.htm 2008 (40th)Edition