1. How to Virtualize Infrastructure Workloads

2. Virtualization concepts Virtualization planning and deployment Domain controller and infrastructure service consolidation Monitoring virtual machines What Will We Cover?

3. Level 200 Experience supporting Windows servers Experience supporting Microsoft networks Understanding of virtualization concepts Helpful Experience

4. Planning Virtualization Consolidating Infrastructure Services Virtualizing Domain Controllers Monitoring with MOM 2005 Agenda

5. Enterprise IT Challenges GrowthGrowth Customer serviceCustomer service Regulatory complianceRegulatory compliance Device managementDevice management Varying skill setsVarying skill sets MobilityMobility

6. Enterprise IT Challenges GrowthGrowth Customer serviceCustomer service Regulatory complianceRegulatory compliance Device managementDevice management Varying skill setsVarying skill sets MobilityMobility PC maintenancePC maintenance Server sprawlServer sprawl Legacy platformsLegacy platforms Deployment and maintenanceDeployment and maintenance Identity managementIdentity management Software updatesSoftware updates

7. Enterprise IT Challenges GrowthGrowth Customer serviceCustomer service Regulatory complianceRegulatory compliance Device managementDevice management Varying skill setsVarying skill sets MobilityMobility Malicious attacks, viruses, spam, and moreMalicious attacks, viruses, spam, and more Evolving threatsEvolving threats Patch management, VPN, and so onPatch management, VPN, and so on Secure access (employees, partners, and customers)Secure access (employees, partners, and customers) PC maintenancePC maintenance Server sprawlServer sprawl Legacy platformsLegacy platforms Deployment and maintenanceDeployment and maintenance Identity managementIdentity management Software updatesSoftware updates

8. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Legacy application migration

9. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Legacy application migration Server consolidation

10. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Legacy application migration Test and development automation Server consolidation

11. Virtualization Usage Scenarios Legacy application migration Test and development automation Server consolidation Disaster recovery

12. Assess / Plan Assess current workloads and plan consolidation options Virtualization Process

13. Build / Deploy Virtualize workloads Assess / Plan Assess current workloads and plan consolidation options Virtualization Process

14. Assess / Plan Assess current workloads and plan consolidation options Operate Manage the virtualized infrastructure Build / Deploy Virtualize workloads Virtualization Process

15. CPU utilization: Average and peak usage? CPU scaling: Will workload need to scale beyond one processor? Assessing Workload Requirements

16. Network: What is the saturation level produced by workload? Assessing Workload Requirements

17. Memory: What is the average and peak memory usage of the workload? Assessing Workload Requirements

18. Storage: What is the average read/write usage? Is shared storage required? Assessing Workload Requirements

19. Support: Is the application supported within a virtualized environment? What about hardware requirements? Assessing Workload Requirements

20. Isolation: Does the workload need to be isolated from other workloads? Assessing Workload Requirements

21. CPU Considerations Host supports up to 32 processors One virtual processor per virtual machine (VM) Scales multiple VMs across multiple processors Virtual Server provides CPU allocation controls Maximum Relative weight Reserve

22. CPU Capacity Planning Calculate current processor requirements: # of CPUs x CPU speed x CPU utilization 2 processors x 2000 MHz x 10% utilization= ~400 MHz Calculate target CPU capacity: # of processors x CPU speed 2 processors x 3600 MHz = 7200 total MHz Reserve 25% for the host.25 x 7200 = 1800 MHz 7200 -1800 = ~5400 MHz available

23. Network Considerations Maximum four NICs per virtual machine Virtual NIC emulates a 10/100 MB/s NIC Separate host and virtual machine traffic Dedicate a NIC to the host Use multiple virtual networks to isolate traffic VMs with heavy traffic can become a bottleneck

24. Network Capacity Planning Determine current bandwidth requirements: # of VMs x NIC speed x NIC utilization 12 VMs x 100 Mb/s x 40% utilization = 480 Mb/s 4 VMs x 1000 Mb/s x 25% utilization = 1000 Mb/s Total needed = 1480 Mb/s Calculate target NIC capacity: # of NICs x NIC speed 2 NICs x 1000 Mb/s = 2000 Total Mb/s bandwidth Assume 75% Gb Ethernet efficiency. 75 x 2000 = 1500 Mb/s available

25. Memory Considerations Up to 64 GB host memory Maximum 3.6 GB RAM per VM VMs require as much as physical computers Virtualization adds ~32 MB of overhead

26. Memory Capacity Planning # of computers x (current RAM + 32 MB) 12 computers x (1024 + 32) = 12672 MB 4 computers x (2048 + 32) = 8320 MB Total required = 20992 MB or ~21 GB

27. Disk I/O and Storage Considerations VMs use as much disk I/O as physical computers Separate host operating system and virtual disks I/O paths Configure host systems with multiple I/O paths Used fixed-size disks instead of dynamic Use Virtual SCSI for best performance KB Article 903748 – More performance tips

28. Host Cluster Support Uses Windows Server 2003 EE/DTC clustering FC-SAN and iSCSI-SAN or direct attached storage Planned downtime: <10 seconds for 128 MB VM via 1GbE iSCSI (1 spindle) <4 seconds for 512 MB VM via 2Gb FC (3 spindles) <8 seconds for 1 GB VM via 2Gb FC (3 spindles) Unplanned downtime Automatic failover to another cluster node

29. Migration Options Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT 1.1) - free PlateSpin PowerConvert (www.platespin.com) Leostream P>V Direct 2.0 (www.leostream.com) HP Service Migration Pack 2.0 (www.hp.com) Build and Deploy Considerations

30. x64 hosts are faster and have better memory management Intel VT/AMD virtualization technology hardware improve installation and guest performance Dual-core CPUs balance workload and are faster than hyperthreading Hardware Suggestions Build and Deploy Considerations

31. Provisioning New Machines Store a library of virtual machine operating systems Prep stored VMs with Sysprep Copy the VM to provision a machine in minutes Script the process with COM API Build and Deploy Considerations

32. Planning Virtualization Consolidating Infrastructure Services Virtualizing Domain Controllers Monitoring with MOM 2005 Agenda

33. Consolidating WINS Servers 1.Review existing infrastructure 2.Install WINS service on VM 3.Configure WINS service on VM 4.Copy, and possibly convert, database

34. Consolidating DHCP Servers 1.Review and back up existing infrastructure 2.Export DHCP settings and copy to VM 3.Stop DHCP service or disconnect old server 4.Install DHCP service on VM 5.Import DHCP settings

35. Consolidating DNS Servers 1.Install DNS service on VM 2.Initiate zone transfer - or - 2.Copy zone files to VM 3.Determine status of old DNS servers

36. Demo Consolidating Infrastructure Services Consolidate WINS Servers Consolidate DHCP Servers Consolidate DNS Servers demonstration

37. Planning Virtualization Consolidating Infrastructure Services Virtualizing Domain Controllers Managing Infrastructure with MOM 2005 Agenda

38. Advantages of Virtualizing DCs Consolidation

39. Active Directory Domain Controller Exchange ServerWeb ServerSQL Server Advantages of Virtualizing DCs Consolidation Testing

40. Advantages of Virtualizing DCs Consolidation Testing Administration

41. Advantages of Virtualizing DCs Consolidation Testing Administration Deployment

42. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs

43. Administration

44. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs Administration KB Article 875495 – Windows Server 2003 KB Article 885875 – Windows 2000 Server

45. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs Administration Performance

46. Disadvantages of Virtualizing DCs Administration Performance Security

47. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement

48. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement FSMO role-holders

49. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement FSMO role-holders Global catalog servers

50. Deployment Considerations Virtual machine placement FSMO role-holders Global catalog servers Bridgehead servers

51. Domain controllers running in virtual machines, application services running on host Virtualization Scenarios

52. Domain controllers running in virtual machines, application services running on host Virtualization Scenarios Domain controller running on host, applications running in virtual machines

53. Domain controllers running in virtual machines, application services running on host Virtualization Scenarios Domain controller running on host, applications running in virtual machines DCs and applications running in virtual machines, no application services on host

54. Create and secure folder for storing virtual machine files Security Recommendations

55. Create and secure folder for storing virtual machine files Audit access to folder and monitor security logs Security Recommendations

56. Create and secure folder for storing virtual machine files Audit access to folder and monitor security logs Secure Virtual Server Administration Web site Security Recommendations

57. Create and secure folder for storing virtual machine files Audit access to folder and monitor security logs Secure Virtual Server Administration Web site Use Group Policy to manage who can restart host server Security Recommendations

58. Storage Recommendations Operating system files: Virtual SCSI port zero Active Directory files: NTDS.dit Log files SYSVOL Separate SCSI disk Guest

59. Storage Recommendations Operating system files: Virtual SCSI port zero Active Directory files: NTDS.dit Log files SYSVOL Separate SCSI disk Guest Store VHD files: Separate disk from host operating system Separate partition Separate physical disk ideal Do not store on a busy disk Host

60. Operational Considerations Do not use undo disks Do not use a differencing disk Do not pause or store saved state for extended periods and then resume Do not synchronize clock with host

61. Restoring a Domain Controller Does a valid system state backup exist? Domain controller properly restored. Restore from backup. Can you create new DC to replace failed one? Reinstall operating system if necessary and reinstall Active Directory. Clean up old DC metadata. Does a previous VHD file exist? Has it ever been restarted? Contact Microsoft Product Support. Is there another domain controller in the domain? Restore DC using VHD file. Domain controller virtual machine failure occurs. Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

62. Virtualizing DCs Best Practices Ensure compliance with requirements Secure VHD files Back up with AD-compatible application Never start VHD backups on network

63. Demo Virtualizing Domain Controllers Back Up the System State Allocate Resources demonstration

64. Planning Virtualization Consolidating Infrastructure Services Virtualizing Domain Controllers Monitoring with MOM 2005 Agenda

65. MVS 2005 Management Pack

69. Demo Monitoring Infrastructure with MOM 2005 Monitor a Virtualized Environment demonstration

70. Assess and plan before you deploy Back up and restore domain controllers Secure and protect image files Session Summary

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