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Published byDrusilla Anabel Hood Modified over 9 years ago
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Nature, Spirits and Man— Shinto and Buddhism
Japanese Religion Nature, Spirits and Man— Shinto and Buddhism
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What religions to people claim to follow?
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What is Shinto? Native religion of Japan
Kami or spirits reside in nature and in people Nature is sacred Purity is good and pollution is bad Morality is based upon that which benefits the group Right practice and attitude, not belief
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University for training Shinto Priests
Classroom at Kogakkan University
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Shinto Shrine: used for ceremonies and individual worship
Each shrine has certain component parts
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Torii Gates mark the entrance to a Shinto shrine
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Komainu (Guardian dogs) at the entrance to the shrine
At Inari shrines, the guardians are foxes
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Purification trough at entrance
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Main or Offering Hall: sometimes two halls, sometimes together
The Main Hall (Honden) houses the shrines treasures The Offering Hall (Haiden) is where devotees pray
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Stage for dance or theatrical performances
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Ema: wooden plates for writing requests of the spirits
Most people wish for health, wealth, happiness, children, passing exams, love, or success in business
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Omikuji: fortune telling strips
These slips, drawn at random, are tied around tree branches: this makes good fortune happen and averts bad fortune
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Shimenawa: a straw rope with white paper strips (Gohei)
Marks the boundary to a sacred place The highest ranked sumo wrestlers wear a form of these during ritual ceremonies
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Floats (Mikoshi) for festival parades
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Fushimi Inari Shrine: hiking trails covered with Torii gates
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State Shinto Shrines: Ise
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Izumo: Japans oldest shrine and the annual gathering place of 8 million kami
Dedicated to Okuninushi no Mikoto, nephew of the sun goddess and the patron of marriage
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Shrine to Tokugawa Ieyasu in Toshugo
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Shrine to Emperor Meiji, symbol of modern Japan
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Hachiman shrine: Hachiman is the spirit of war
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Yakusumi Shrine: commemorating Japan’s war dead
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Shinto Wedding procession
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Shinto Wedding Ceremony
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Buddhism In Japan Tendai Shingon Nichiren Pure Land Zen
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Tendai Founded by Saicho Brought back teachings from China
Established monastery on Mt. Hiei Lotus Sutra central text All persons can achieve enlightenment
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Mt. Hiei remained the center of Buddhism until it burned in the 16th century
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Shingon or Esoteric Buddhism
Founded by Kukai (Kobo Daishi)
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Shingon: True words Kukai studied under Hui Ko in China and became his disciple Enlightenment can be achieved by all but only with the help of a master The body , speech , and mind must work together Founded monastery on Mt. Koya (rival to Mt. Hiei)
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Focus on Womb and Diamond Mandalas
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Nichiren Buddhism: a Japanese original
Founded by Nichiren Nichi:Japan Ren:Lotus
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Focus on the Lotus Sutra and Mantras (chanting)
Namu Myoho Rengekyo
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Pure Land (Jodo) Buddhism
founded by Honen Emphasis on difficulty of individual effort Reliance on Amida Buddha Goal: rebirth in Western paradise Means: recitation of Mantra
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Developed by Shinran
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Home altar
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Recitation of the Nembutsu
Namu Amida Buddha
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Kannon: the Buddhisattva of compassion: Amida’s assistant
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Zen Buddhism Brought from China by Dogen and others
Focus on meditation and enlightenment
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Sitting in zazen
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What is a Koan? Aid to meditation
Question or puzzle that can’t solve with reason Out of frustration comes another kind of awareness Only used by some sects of Zen
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Buddhism: a monopoly of death
Jizo (Lord of the underworld and rebirth) statues
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Typical grave: first cremated then buried
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New Religions Many sects arising from Shinto and Buddhism beginning in the 19th century. All have charismatic founder who underwent great trauma Believe a deity speaks directly to the founder Believe in universal message
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Tenrikyo
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“Lead the joyous life” Founded by Miki Nakayama
God the parent wants people to by joyful Joy is lost by self centered thoughts Correct by service to others and worship of God the parent
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