1. MINERALS AND ROCKS COMPOSITION, ORIGIN AND IDENTIFICATION COPOYRIGHT 2002, TERRY WRIGHT

2. MINERALS SOLID INORGANIC NATURALLY OCCURRING CONSTANT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION SET INTERNAL STRUC TURE OF ATOMS

3. CHEMISTRY ATOMS –NEUTRONS –PROTONS –ELECTRONS ATOMS HAVE SNUG FIT ATOMS HAVE NEUTRAL CHARGE ATOMS HAVE BONDING –IONIC –COVALENT –METALLIC TO FORM MINERALS

4. CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY POPULARITY LIST: Si, O, Al, Fe, Mg, K,Na, Ca Si and O form basic silica tetrahedron and has snug fit and covalent bonding SiO4 does not have 0 net charge, but Oxygen sharing and other ions give 0 net charge Different arrangements result in different Silicate minerals.

5. MINERAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES LUSTER COLOR TRUE/STREAK(FOR METALLIC MINERALS) HARDNESS CLEAVAGE/FRACTURE DENSITY REACTION TO ACID MAGNETISM TASTE

6. VARIETY OF IGNEOUS ROCKS BOWENS REACTION SERIES- SEQUENCE OF CRYSTALLIZATION DIFFERENTIATION –GRAVITY SETTLING –MAGMA MIXING

7. VISCOSITY OF MAGMA SILICA CONTENT INCREASE TEMPERATURE DECREASE GAS CONTENT INCREASES VISCOSITY

8. VOLCANIC IGNEOUS ROCKS

9. QUIET ERUPTIONS: LAVA FLOWS, FINE GRAINED, LOW VISCOSITY, QUIET ERUPTIONS, LOW SILICA, HIGH TEMPERATURE, GAS. SHIELD VOLCANOES, MELTING IN MANTLE

10. EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS: PYROCLASTIC ROCKS, HIGH VISCOSITY HIGH SILICA, FRAGMENTAL, LOW TEMPERATURE, GAS, STRATO- VOLCANOS, CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES-MELTING IN SUBDUCTION ZONE

11. PLUTONIC ROCKS COOLED SLOWLY DEEP BENEATH THE SURFACE COARSE GRAINED, CRYSTALLINE DIKES, SILLS, BATHOLITHS GRANITE, DIORITE, GABBRO, PERIDOTITE

12. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS CLASTIC-BROKEN ORIGIN CHEMICAL/BIOCHEMICAL ORIGIN HISTORY OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

13. METAMORPHIC ROCKS RECRYSTALLIZATION FOLIATION VS NON-FOLIATION REGIONAL METAMORPHISM CONTACT METAMORPHISM HYDROTHERMAL METAMORPHISM FAULT METAMORPHISM