1. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology Fifth edition Seeley, Stephens and Tate Slide 2.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Chapter 16: digestive System

2. The Digestive System Slide 14.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Second system to function in embryo  A “tube within a tube”  Material is not “inside” body  Humans are omnivores  Diet tempered by culture, situation

3. The Digestive System Slide 14.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Functions:  Ingestion: taking food in  Digestion: changes “big” food into “little” food  Mechanical  Chemical

4. The Digestive System and Body Metabolism Slide 14.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Absorption  Molecules enter body  Via transport into blood  Egestion: eliminating wastes

5. Organs of the Digestive System Slide 14.2b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 14.1

6. Organs of the Digestive System Slide 14.2a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Two components  Alimentary canal – continuous coiled hollow tube  Accessory digestive organs – everything else

7. Organs of the Alimentary Canal Slide 14.3 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Mouth  Pharynx  Esophagus  Stomach  Small intestine  Large intestine  Anus

8. Organs of the Digestive System Slide 14.2b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 14.1

9. Mouth (Oral Cavity) Anatomy Slide 14.4 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Lips (labia)  Cheeks  Hard palate  Soft palate  Uvula Figure 14.2a

10. Mouth (Oral Cavity) Anatomy Slide 14.5 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Vestibule  Oral cavity: space  Tongue:  attached to bone  lingual frenulum Figure 14.2a

11. Mouth (Oral Cavity) Anatomy Slide 14.6 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Tonsils  Palatine tonsils  Lingual tonsil Figure 14.2a

12. Digestive Functions of the Mouth Slide 14.7 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Mastication (chewing) of food  Mixing food with saliva  Initiation of swallowing  by the tongue  Taste receptors

13. Digestive Functions of the Mouth Slide 14.48 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Mechanical digestion  Food broken down by chewing  Chemical digestion  Food mixed with saliva  Starch digestion begins

14. Pharynx Anatomy Slide 14.8 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Nasopharynx  Oropharynx: posterior to oral cavity  Laryngopharynx:  posterior to larynx  Connects to esophagus Figure 14.2a

15. Pharynx Function Slide 14.9 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Passageway for air and food  Moves food to esophagus by muscle contraction  Longitudinal inner layer  Circular outer layer  Peristalsis: wave-like contractions

16. Esophagus Slide 14.10 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Extends from pharynx to stomach  passes through the diaphragm  Conducts food by peristalsis  Passageway for food only

17. Activities of the Pharynx and Esophagus Slide 14.49 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  These organs have no digestive function  Serve as passageways to the stomach

18. Deglutition (Swallowing) Slide 14.52 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 14.13

19. Layers of Organs in Alimentary Canal Slide 14.11a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Mucosa  Innermost layer  Simple columnar E.T.  Lots of Goblet cells  Protects, secretes, absorbs

20. Layers of Alimentary Canal Organs Slide 14.13 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 14.3

21. Layers of Alimentary Canal Organs Slide 14.11b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Submucosa  Deep to mucosa  Loose connective tissue  blood vessels  nerve endings  lymphatics

22. Layers of Alimentary Canal Organs Slide 14.13 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 14.3

23. Layers of Alimentary Canal Organs Slide 14.12 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Muscularis: smooth muscle  Inner circular layer  Outer longitudinal layer  Serosa  Outermost layer = visceral peritoneum  Serous membrane

24. Layers of Alimentary Canal Organs Slide 14.13 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 14.3