1. Unit 6 Review Sheet

2. COUP D’ETAT - seizure of the state; Napoleon’s take over of the government NAPOLEONIC CODE - laws created by Napoleon giving the French people back the rights they had won during the revolution; all men are equal; freedom of religion; all was lost after his fall

3. ELBA - first island Napoleon was exiled too; eventually escaped WATERLOO - Napoleon’s last major battle after he escaped from exile TREATY OF FOUNTAINBLEAU – ended Napoleon’s rule and sent him into exile on Elba ST HELENA – desolate island in the Atlantic; where Napoleon died in exile

4. COTTAGE INDUSTRY – goods are made in the the home LABOR UNION - created in response to poor, dangerous working conditions and low pay FACTORY ACTS - no children under the age of 9 could work; older children could only work 9 hour days; no women or children in the mines KAISER – title given to a German ruler; ie Otto von Bismarck BALANCE OF POWER – countries of Europe were evenly divided; the creation of new nations disrupts it NATIONALISM - pride in one’s country

5. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION - started with new farming methods; caused people to move to the cities; middle class grew in size URBANIZATION - since people were not needed on the farms they moved to the cities

6. CORPORATION – a business owned by a number of individuals; emerge as a result of the Industrial Revolution MONOPOLY - complete control over a specific industry; ie Standard Oil Company SOCIALISM – a society that would benefit everyone; no difference between rich or poor

7. MARXISM – a classless society where everyone’s wants and needs are taken care of CAPITALISM – free market economy; limited or no government interference; socialists claim it causes a gap between rich and poor PROLETARIAT – the working class; need to unite and overthrow the government to bring about change

8. BESSEMER PROCESS - cheaper, easier way to make steel CONGRESS OF VIENNA – created a new balance of power in Europe; let leaders maintain power; prevent other revolutions from happening PAPAL STATES – land controlled by the pope; current Vatican City POWDER KEG – Europe 1815-1914; fine alone one spark causes an explosion

9. NAPOLEON - French General; staged a coup; exiled to Elba and St. Helena; created Napoleonic Code; expanded boarders; kept the nation at war; lost a lot of money CAVOUR AND GARIBALDI – Italian nationalist who forced foreigners off the lands and unified Italy BISMARCK – unified Germany; took the title kaiser

10. NEWCOMEN - created the first steam engine STEVENSON - first steam powered locomotive; the Rocket FULTON - 1st steam powered ship; the Clermont EDISON - phonograph; light bulb MORSE - telegraph that used electric impulses FORD - 1st car; the assembly line WHITNEY - interchangeable parts; cotton gin

11. ROCKEFELLER – Owned the Standard Oil Company; had a monopoly on the production of oil MARX – wrote the Communist Manifesto; wanted to create a classless society; in order for change to take place the proletariat needed to rise up and overthrow the gov’t ENGELS – work with Marx to write the Communist Manifesto