1. The Digestive System Oral cavity Pharynx Esophagus Liver Stomach
Gall Bladder
Pancreas
Large Intestine
Small Intestine

2. Digestive System
Function: Break down food into molecules that can used by cells
Enzymes, acids, hormones, bile aid in breakdown
Sphincters (ring of muscle) separate sections
Nutrients passed into the circulatory system to be distributed in the blood
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4. Oral cavity

5. Oral Cavity Mechanical digestion: Teeth grind food
Chemical digestions: Saliva (amylase) begins to breakdown starches
Bolus is created (ball of chewed & moistened food)

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7. Pharynx

8. Pharynx Epiglottis seals off the trachea
Bolus pushed down the esophagus by the tongue

9. Esophagus

10. Esophagus Connects mouth with stomach
Peristalsis: Muscular movement pushes food along
Bolus pushed down the esophagus by muscles
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11. Stomach

12. Stomach Function: Prepares food for absorption Chemical digestion
Pepsin (enzyme) digests proteins
Stomach acids mix
Mechanical digestion
Muscles contract to churn the bolus (~4 hours)
Chyme created: paste-like mixture of food, enzymes, acids
Peristalsis pushes chyme through sphincter
Stomach
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13. Small Intestine

14. Small Intestine Function: Absorption of nutrients Duodenum
Chemical digestion: Enzymes from the liver, gallbladder, pancreas released to aid digestion
Mechanical digestion: Muscular contractions mix & churn the chyme
Peristalsis pushes the chyme along
Nutrients absorbed into the capillaries of the s. intestine

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16. Liver
Gall Bladder

17. Liver Functions: 1) Break down toxic chemicals (alcohol)
2) Produces bile to break down fats
Gall Bladder: Stores bile until chyme moves into duodenum

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19. Pancreas

20. Pancreas
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Functions:
1) Release enzyme into duodenum to break down starches & lipids
2) Releases insulin into the blood (diabetes)

21. Large Intestine

22. Large Intestine AKA: Colon Peristalsis continues to push the chyme
Remaining water is absorbed from the chyme
Undigested material solidifies (feces)
Nutrients from bacteria absorbed
Feces exits the body through the rectum & anus

23. The liver is labeled which letter?K L

24. The pancreas is labeled which letter?

25. Which letter begins the process of chemical digestion?
L (salivary glands) L

26. Most nutrients are absorbed at which organ?
E (small intestine) L

27. Which organ produces bile to help digest fats?
K (liver) L

28. Which organ absorbs water from chyme to solidify waste?
F (large intestine) L

29. Which organ is the location where the gall bladder and pancreas release fluids to mix with the chyme?
I (Duodenum) L

30. Label the letters of the diagram
A = esophagus
B = I don’t care
C = stomach
D = pancreas
E = Small intestine
F = Large intestine
G = Rectum
H = appendix
I = duodenum
J = gall bladder
K = liver
L = salivary glands L