1. Organic Chemistry Introduction

2. Intro to Organic Chemistry At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. Define organic chemistry 2. List 5 unique qualities of carbon 3. Define an isomer and give examples of structural isomers and geometric isomers 4. List a general use of alkanes from one carbon to 40.

3. Things my Mother taught me… TIME TRAVEL. "If you don't straighten up, I'm going to knock you into the middle of next week!"

4. What is Organic Chemistry? The study of carbon-containing compounds made up of non-metal elements (covalent bonds)

5. Organic Compound? Yes or No Na 2 CO 3 No Yes! C 2 H 6 C 4 H 6 Br 2 F 2

6. Why Carbon?? Found in Nature ( ranked 17 th in crust) Element Compound Found in all living matter Found in body tissue Found in food Found in fuels (coal, wood, petroleum)

7. Murphy's Laws of Science and Technology You can never tell which way the train went by looking at the tracks

8. Forms of Carbon Term = Allotrope Same element Different bonding pattern Different arrangement Diamond Graphite Fullerene Carbon exists in 3 solid forms

9. Diamond Tetrahedrally oriented Hardest material known Most dense form of Carbon High melting point Conducts heat Does not conduct electricity

10. Graphite Layers of hexagonal plates Soft Feels greasy Crumbles easily High melting point Conducts electricity

11. Fullerene Discovered in mid 1980s Found in soot Spherical cages of carbon Hexagons and pentagons Most stable is C 60 C 60 = Buckminsterfullerene or Buckyball No known uses

12. Another Why - Maxine If a pig loses its voice, is it disgruntled?

13. Diversity of Organic Chemistry Due to uniqueness of Carbon Can bond to itself covalently Forms chains and rings Term = Catenation

14. Carbon bonds to elements Carbon readily bonds to : –H–H –O–O –N–N –S–S – Halogens Cl, Br, F,I Hydrocarbons – Simplest organic compounds – Only contain Carbon and Hydrogen (C x H y )

15. Formulas Indicates # of atoms Types of atoms Molecular Formula Written representations of a compound using letters (and sometimes numbers) Example: C 8 H 18

16. Structural Formula Indicates # of atoms Type of atoms Bonding Arrangement

17. Structural formulas show all bonds in compound Condensed structural formulas only show bonds between carbon atoms CH 3  CH  CH 3  CH 3

18. Arrangement of Atoms Compounds that have: – Same molecular formula – Different structure or arrangement – Called ISOMERS As # of carbon atoms goes up # of isomers goes up – C8  18 isomers – C9  35 isomers – C10  75 isomers – C40  69,491,178,805,831

19. Example of Isomers Structural Isomers : same formula but atoms are bonded in a different order C 4 H 10

20. Geometric Isomers Order of atoms is the same but the arrangement in space is different Typically need a rigid bond (double or triple bond). Don’t see this with single bonds!

21. 15 Helpful Hints On The Lab Report from Mr. T’s Vast Lab Experience!!! Hint #8. Do not believe in miracles – rely on them.

22. Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes Aromatics Alcohols Ethers Esters Aldehydes Ketones Amines We are going to study:

23. Some Simple Alkanes (C n H 2n+2 ) 2-methyl- propane

24. The Scientific Method begins with Questions about the World Around You. Ever Wonder Why?... phonetic isn't spelled like it sounds?

25. The n-Alkanes home heating alcohol production gas grills flick your bic dry cleaners 5-6 gasoline 7-9 kerosene ~ 12 motor oil ~ 16 petroleum jelly 20 tar ~ 25 wax ~ 40

26. Boiling Points

27. Another Why - Maxine If 4 out of 5 people SUFFER from diarrhea... does that mean that one out of five enjoys it?

28. Intro to Organic Chemistry Let’s see if you can: 1. Define organic chemistry 2. List 5 unique qualities of carbon 3. Define an isomer and give examples of structural isomers and geometric isomers 4. List a general use of alkanes from one carbon to 40.

29. What is Organic Chemistry? The study of carbon-containing compounds made up of non-metal elements (covalent bonds)

30. Diversity of Organic Chemistry Due to uniqueness of Carbon Can bond to itself covalently Forms chains and rings Term = Catenation

31. Example of Isomers Structural Isomers : same formula but atoms are bonded in a different order C 4 H 10

32. Geometric Isomers Order of atoms is the same but the arrangement in space is different Typically need a rigid bond (double or triple bond). Don’t see this with single bonds!

33. The n-Alkanes home heating alcohol production gas grills flick your bic dry cleaners 5-6 gasoline 7-9 kerosene ~ 12 motor oil ~ 16 petroleum jelly 20 tar ~ 25 wax ~ 40

34. Redneck Wedding: They have some different traditions…