2. 2 Maxwell’s Equations

3. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku3 Figure 9.1 Examples of time-varying current: (a) sinusoidal, (b) rectangular, (c) triangular.

4. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku4 Figure 9.2 A circuit showing emf-producing field E f and electrostatic field E e.

5. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku5 Figure 9.3 Induced emf due to a stationary loop in a time-varying B field.

6. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku6 Figure 9.4 A direct-current machine.

7. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku7 Figure 9.5 Induced emf due to a moving loop in a static B field.

8. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku8 Figure 9.6 For Example 9.1.

9. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku9 Figure 9.7 For Example 9.2; polarity is for increasing emf.

10. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku10 Figure 9.8 Magnetic circuit of Example 9.3.

11. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku11 Figure 9.9 For Practice Exercise 9.3.

12. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku12 Figure 9.10 Two surfaces of integration showing the need for J d in Ampère’s circuit law.

13. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku13 Figure 9.11 Electromagnetic flow diagrams showing the relationship between the potentials and vector fields: (a) electrostatic system, (b) magnetostatic system, (c) electromagnetic system. [Adapted with permission from the Publishing Department of the Institution of Electrical Engineers.]

14. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku14 Figure 9.12 Representation of a phasor z  x  jy  r .

15. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku15 Figure 9.13 For Review Question 9.2.

16. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku16 Figure 9.14 For Review Question 9.3.

17. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku17 Figure 9.15 For Review Question 9.5 and Problem 9.10.

18. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku18 Figure 9.16 For Problem 9.3.

19. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku19 Figure 9.17 For Problem 9.5.

20. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku20 Figure 9.18 For Problem 9.6.

21. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku21 Figure 9.19 For Problem 9.7.

22. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku22 Figure 9.20 For Problem 9.8.

23. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku23 Figure 9.21 For Problem 9.11.

24. Copyright © 2007 Oxford University Press Elements of Electromagnetics Fourth Edition Sadiku24 Figure 9.22 For Problem 9.12.