2. Section 2 (Day 5) Virginia Driver Responsibilities: Preparing to Operate a Vehicle

3. Bell Ringer 1. Write a half a page red to red on one of the below statements. Save these to be turn in on test day. Worth 10 points. 2.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A person should never make an important decision alone. Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.

4. Reminder 1.Bring paper/pen/pencil and notebook 2.Electronics are for instructional use with permission 3.Attendance is MANDATORY!! (NO SLEEPING in class) 4.All notes can be found on Harrisonburg’s staff website: http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~tbutler/ This is what you are trying to get at the end of class.. …no certificate, no license!!

5. Day 5 Objectives The students will define and understand risk assessment.The students will define and understand risk assessment. The students will understand different moderate risk driving environments.The students will understand different moderate risk driving environments. The students will understand risk reduction principles to establish vehicle speed.The students will understand risk reduction principles to establish vehicle speed. The students will understand theThe students will understand the three guidelines of risk taking. Related SOL: DE.2, DE.3, DE.4, DE.7, DE.15, and DE.18, DE.3, DE.4, DE.5, DE.6, and DE.7

6. Risk Assessment

7. What is Risk?  Risk is the Chance of Injury,damage, or Loss  “Chance” is the Likelihood of a Crash  “of Injury, Damage, or Loss” are the Consequences of a Crash Every driver accepts a certain level of risk when driving a vehicle.

8. Elements of Risk Elements of Risk are:  Risk Assessment  Risk Acceptance  Risk Compensation

9. Risk Acceptance Risk Acceptance: There is always a certain amount of risk involved in the driving task. There is always a certain amount of risk involved in the driving task. How much risk is acceptable? How much risk is acceptable? –Evaluate Consequences of Taking Risks ( Penalty, Damage, Injury or Death) Knowledge can help you reduce risk! 4To minimize risk, drivers need time, space & visibility to execute a maneuver.

10. Risk Assessment Recognizing increased risk situationsRecognizing increased risk situations -Speeding -Following Too Closely -Failure to Yield -Improper Turns -DUI -Lack of Safety belt use Understanding the consequences of increased risk situationsUnderstanding the consequences of increased risk situations Considering your options and the consequences of your choicesConsidering your options and the consequences of your choices

11. Risk Compensation - Recognizing potential risk or limitations and making appropriate adjustments Adjust Speed to Reduce Risk Adjust Lane Position to Reduce Risk Use Appropriate Communication to Reduce Risk

12. Reducing Driving Risk Good decision-making is essential to reducing driving risks. A driver in city traffic makes 50-60 decisions per mile. Your hands and feet can only do what your brain tells them to do. Developing good procedures for decision making: Observation skills Experiences Developing good habits

13. Reducing Driving Risk Work towards developing the best risk- reducing procedures and safe-driving habits. Habits are difficult to change. A space management system helps you to develop good driving habits.

14. Reducing Driving Risk Guided practice is key to developing sound habits and judgments Get extensive practice on all basic driving procedures Use a space management and targeting system Good habits and judgment often deteriorate over time Complacency Most novice drivers rate themselves as “good” drivers There may be no negative results from negative behavior

15. Risk Reduction Goals Make every driving sequence an efficient driving sequence. Make every driving sequence an efficient driving sequence. Use processing skills to make accurate judgments. Use processing skills to make accurate judgments. Develop sound procedures for all maneuvers. Develop sound procedures for all maneuvers.

16. Top 3 Causes of Crashes in VA. 1. Speeding: Includes driving above posted speed limits and driving too fast for the conditions. 2. Failure to Yield ROW 3. Driving While Intoxicated Driving abilities decrease when blood alcohol level increases

17. Distracted Driving Distractions while driving can be deadly. At 55mph, taking your eyes off the road for 3-4 seconds, the car has traveled a length of a football field (300 feet). What are some examples of distracted driving?

18. Lack of Safety Belt Use This is not an immediate cause of a crash, but… Failure to wear a seat belt often makes the consequences of the crash worse.

19. Three Guidelines of Risk Taking 1. Never Risk more than you can afford to lose A young driver breaks a specific traffic law resulting in the loss of their license. X

20. Three Guidelines of Risk Taking 2. Do Not Risk a Large Consequence for a Small Reward Ignoring a railroad crossing to save a few seconds or even minutes of time.

21. Three Guidelines of Risk Taking 3. Consider the Odds and Your Situation Things you can control vs. things you cannot

22. Good Driving Habits Habit Level Judgment Level Practice safe driving procedures that require little thought Have a well thought out strategy for managing time and space Become efficient and precise Respond correctly with the least amount of time Process Level Search for problems Evaluate options Execute decisions Modify speed and/or position Communicate to reduce the risk of collision

23. Levels of Performance Awareness Level Performance Level HabitJudgmentAcceptableAcceptable HabitJudgmentUnacceptableUnacceptable DriverDriver

24. The Top Ten Errors 1.23.9% not attending to the path of travel (distractions – cell phone, sound system, passengers, etc.) 2.13.7% driving five or more mph too fast for conditions 3. 6.6% 6.6% driving too fast through a curve 4. 6.3% 6.3% inadequate search at an intersection and moving in front of cross traffic 5. 6.1% 6.1% lack of attention at an intersection and being struck by another driver that resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are: DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE

25. The Top Ten Errors DO NOT WRITE THIS SLIDE that resulted in crashes involving teen drivers are: 6.6.5%improper evasive action—quick turn not executed properly or braking instead of steering 7.3.9%failed to maintain visual lead 8.3.9%failed to see action developing at side of the roadway 9.3.9%following too closely 10.3.3%willfully taking right-of-way

26. THE END!