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Who Rules? Forms of Government.

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Presentation on theme: "Who Rules? Forms of Government."— Presentation transcript:

1 Who Rules? Forms of Government

2 Forms of Government President or King?
When people decide to form the social contracts that we call governments, they make many different decisions about how their government will look. President or King? Rule by few or rule by all? Hold elections? Where do the rulers get their power?

3 Republic Representative democracy: the people's elected representatives, not the people themselves, vote on legislation. Has no monarch. Head of the country is usually an elected president.

4 Federal Republic Federal Republic: a republic in which a union of states or districts which retain only a subordinate and limited power under a central authority. Examples: U.S.A. Germany Brazil

5 Democracy Any form of government in which political power is exercised by all citizens, either directly or through their elected representatives. There are two kinds of Democracies… Direct! Representative!

6 Direct Democracy All citizens participate in government.
There are no representatives in government: The citizens vote on everything! All citizens can create public policy if they want to. Example: In ancient Athens, Greece, they held assemblies where citizens voted to pass laws.

7 Representative Democracy
Like direct democracy, all citizens participate in government People elect representatives who vote on laws for the citizens Representatives answer to the people through regular elections Representatives are also usually held accountable by a constitution

8 Fill in the blanks to review DEMOCRACY!

9 The two forms of democracy are __________ and ___________________.
direct representative

10 In a democracy, all __________ participate in government.
citizens

11 All citizens vote on everything in a ______________________.
direct democracy

12 In a direct democracy, there are no ________________ in the government.
representatives

13 In a representative democracy, the representatives answer to the people through ______________________. regular elections

14 REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY!
Now that we’ve talked about DIRECT DEMOCRACY! And REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY! we can move on to forms of government where only one person is in control…

15 Autocracy A form of government in which political power is controlled by one individual such as a monarch, dictator, emperor, etc. We’re going to talk about two kinds of autocracy… Monarchs! Dictators!

16 Monarchy Rule by kings, queens, princes, and princesses… sometimes by other names, but always MONARCHS! Leaders usually gain their power because their parents were rulers too. Some modern monarchies like Spain and Japan have constitutions.

17 Constitutional Monarchy
Usually a democracy and has a constitution, with the monarch as head of state Usually has separation of power, and the monarch often has only ceremonial functions Constitutional monarchies are the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, The Netherlands, Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Belgium, Japan, and Spain

18 Dictatorship In a dictatorship, power is not inherited, but is acquired by force (military or political) Dictators have absolute control over the lives of their citizens and usually people are not allowed to voice their negative opinions North Korea’s leader Kim Jong Il is considered a dictator

19 We’ve talked about DEMOCRACIES…
What else? We’ve talked about DEMOCRACIES… Democracy is… rule by the people!

20 What else? … and AUTOCRACIES… Autocracy is… … rule by one!

21 … but what other forms of government are there?
What else? … but what other forms of government are there? What if, instead of everyone or just one person, a few people got together to rule a nation? Rule by Few!

22 Oligarchy “Rule by few” Power can be based on several things:
Military strength = Military Junta Family power = Aristocracy Religious control = Theocratic Oligarchy Oligarchies can often come from or lead to other forms of government (like autocracies)

23 Theocracy “Theo” means “god” in Greek… so if a government is THEO-cratic that means it is ruled by… That’s right! A god or higher power! Leaders (autocratic or oligarchic) are usually religious leaders and society uses religious law to settle its disputes Example: The Islamic Republic of Iran is a modern theocracy that uses the holy Islamic book, The Qur’an, as its guide.

24 Then who makes and enforces laws?
Anarchy No government at all… WAIT! Then who makes and enforces laws?

25 What do you think that would be like?
Anarchy No government at all… In an anarchy there is no government to make or enforce laws. What do you think that would be like?

26 There are so many forms of government!
Wow! There are so many forms of government! And remember there are also combinations… What is government ruled by GOD and a FEW people called?

27 WHEW! We had better review… Time for some “A or B!”

28 Democracy A B Rule by everyone Rule by no one

29 Citizens elect people to vote All citizens vote on everything
Direct Democracy A B Citizens elect people to vote All citizens vote on everything

30 Representative Democracy
B Representatives are appointed Representatives are elected

31 Autocracy A B Rule by one Rule by few

32 Never have constitutions
Monarchy A B Never have constitutions Power is inherited

33 Constitutional Monarchy
B Like a democratic government that limits monarch's control Has a monarch who has complete control, but must follow the constitution

34 Always protect freedom of speech
Dictatorship A B Always protect freedom of speech Have total control

35 Power is always inherited
Oligarchy A B Power is always inherited Come in many forms

36 Power taken through force Power from a higher being
Theocracy A B Power taken through force Power from a higher being

37 Everyone does what they want Everyone follows the laws
Anarchy A B Everyone does what they want Everyone follows the laws

38 Now, review your chart along with your teacher!

39 Rule by representatives Rule by none Controlled by citizens
Rule by few or one Rule by representatives Rule by none Controlled by citizens Rule by god or higher power Power usually inherited Holds elections Constitutional Government People have a say Democracy Autocracy

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