1. The Republic
Main Idea
An extreme government changed French society and tried through harsh means to eliminate its critics within France.

2. A Radical Government Factions Leaders Executions
In 1792, the radical representatives were in charge of the National Convention. The constitutional monarchy came to a violent end, and France became a republic.
Mountain
Middle and poor
Most radical
Girondins
Moderates
Support Cont. Monarchy
The Plain (swing voters)
Personal rivalries
Factions
Marat
advocate of violence
Danton
Compromiser
Robespierre
Dedicated radical
No group had program or plan of action
Leaders
1/21/1793- King put to death by guillotine
Europeans reacted with horror
Lost European support
Revolution savagery condemned
Executions

3. National Convention takes Control
Committee of Public Safety set up to manage military defense
Drafted all able-bodied men between 18 and 45 for service
Established the Revolutionary Tribunal to protect the Revolution by rooting out people who threatened it
Transforming Society
Leaders tried to end connections to old ways of life, including religion
Clergy members lost positions; churches closed in Paris
Robespierre created cult of Supreme Being to replace Catholicism
Metric system, new calendar with 3/10 week months were introduced

4. The Reign of Terror Course of Revolution An Outbreak of Civil War
Revolutionary leaders feared counterrevolution
Took drastic actions to keep power accusations, trials, and executions 300,000 arrested
An Outbreak of Civil War
Peasants only wanted an end to feudal dues unhappy with military draft
Catholics and monarchy supporters opposed the Revolution in a civil war
The government put down the counterrevolution to regain control.
Mountain leads Accusations and Trials
Robespierre used the Revolutionary Tribunal to rid the country of dissenters
Started trials with the Girondins wanted a Constitutional Monarchy
Anyone who had ever criticized the Revolution was in danger.

5. No Escape from the Terror
Death by Guillotine
Most common sentence - death by guillotine
Condemned paraded through Paris in open carts to awaiting stages
Mobs watched at scaffold; executions took less than one minute
No one was spared
Peasants /laborers largest victims
Danton and Robespierre
17,000 executed in 10 months
“Oh Liberty, what crimes are committed in your name!”
The Terror’s Victims
France started over with new constitution in 1795
The Directory established (1795)
Voting limited to property owners
High prices, bankruptcy, and citizens’ unrest continued
Power vacuum developed-No one in control
After the Terror

7. Governments of the French Revolution
National Assembly ( )
Legislative Assembly ( )
Convention ( )
Directory ( )

8. Reign of Terror