1. The Geography of Demand for Tourism

2. Learning Objectives
1.   Explain the term tourist demand and distinguish between effective and suppressed demand.
2.      Understand the concepts of travel propensity and frequency.
3.      Identify the motivations and determinants of demand for tourism.
4.   Explain the influence of stage in economic development, population factors, and political regimes on demand for tourism.
5.      Understand the influence of personal variables on the demand for tourism.
6.     Appreciate the main barriers to travel which lead to suppressed demand.

3. The Geography of Demand for Tourism
Tourism: A Basic Human Right?
Definition of Tourism Demand
Concepts of Tourism Demand
Determinants at the World Scale 1
Determinants at the World Scale 2
Determinants at the World Scale 3
Determinants at the Personal Scale 1
Suppressed Demand

4. Tourism: A Basic Human Right?
UN 1948 – Universal Declaration of Human Rights
UN 1967 – Holidays with Pay
Manila Declaration 1980
Osaka 1994
Cairo 1995
1999 Global Code of Ethics for consuming tourism

5. Definition of Tourism Demand
“The total number of persons who travel or wish to travel to use tourist facilities away from their places of work and residence.”
(Mathieson and Wall, 1982)

6. Concepts of Tourism Demand
Effective Demand
Suppressed
Potential or
Deferred
No demand
Travel propensity
Net
Gross

7. Box 2.1

8. Determinants of Tourism Demand at the World Scale 1
Stage of Economic Development
Traditional society
Preconditions for take-off
Take-off
Drive to maturity
High mass consumption

9. Table 2.1

10. Figure 2.1

11. Determinants of Tourism Demand at the World Scale 2
Demographic: The demographic transition:
High stationary phase
Early expanding phase
Late expanding phase
Low stationary phase

12. Figure 2.2

13. Determinants of Tourism Demand at the World Scale 3
Other factors: Politics
complexion
groupings
deregulation
instability

14. Determinants at the Personal Scale 1
Life Style:
Leisure time
Income
Occupation
Mobility
Education
Life styles? – all related?

15. Determinants at the Personal Scale 2
Life cycle: - age and domestic age:
Children
Young adult
Marriage
Marriage + children
Empty nest
Old age

16. Suppressed Demand Time Sickness Family Expense Politics
Terrorism, tsunami