1. Craig O’Riley & Adam Shell Office of Systems Planning Wednesday, December 1, 20101

2.  Introductions  FHWA Video: Planning for Progress FHWA Video: Planning for Progress  Freight Planning  Where have we been?  Where are we going?  Stakeholders  Freight Modeling  Overview  Data Sources & Methods  Application  Conclusion Wednesday, December 1, 20102

3.  Majority of freight moves on facilities owned by State and Local governments  Prior to 1970’s – All interstate transportation subject to Federal economic regulation  1980s – Deregulation  Aviation Deregulation Act 1978  Motor Carrier Act 1980  Staggers Rail Act 1980  Ocean Shipping Act 1984 Wednesday, December 1, 20103

4.  Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA)  Added freight as a factor for states and MPOs to consider during their transportation planning efforts  Transportation Equity Act for the 21 st Century (TEA-21)  Encouraged states and MPOs to include shippers and freight service provides in the transportation planning process  Safe, Accountable, Flexible, and Efficient Transportation Equity Act of the 21 st Century (SAFETEA-LU)  Works to enhance the freight planning efforts in ISTEA and TEA-21 Wednesday, December 1, 20104

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7. 7  114,740 miles of roadways  3,947 miles of railways  491 miles of navigable waterways  29,489 miles of pipelines

8. Wednesday, December 1, 20108

9. 9 Mode200920252040Trend Truck 87.487.788.6 Rail 8.48.37.8 Water 1.51.61.4 Air > 0.0 Multi Modes & Mail 1.71.51.4 Pipeline 0.90.70.6 Other & Unknown 0.2

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13. Wednesday, December 1, 201013  Public Sector  Federal, state, local transportation planning agencies  Economic development and trade organizations  Federal, state, local law enforcement  Non traditional federal, state agencies  Private Sector  Shippers and receivers of freight (businesses)  Freight transportation service providers  Owners and operators of freight facilities  Neighborhoods and communities affected by freight transportation

14. Wednesday, December 1, 201014  Infrastructure Condition and Capacity  Funding  Federal Livability Initiative  Climate Change / Air Quality  State’s Smart Planning Initiative

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18. “The economic competitiveness of our state is directly linked to how, why and where our businesses move their goods. Understanding these freight movements enables us to target policies and resources at highway, rail, water, and air corridors that will improve the State’s competitive position.” - Elwyn Tinklenberg, MN DOT Commissioner of Transportation Wednesday, December 1, 201018 Source: 2000 MN DOT Statewide Multimodal Freight Flows Study

19.  Factors affecting freight demand  Freight Transportation Modes  Air: cargo jets (Modal Characteristics Graphic)Modal Characteristics Graphic  Road: commercial vehicles (CV) or semi-trucks  Rail: freight trains  Water: barges and ships (Compare Graphic)Compare Graphic  Data Sources & Methods  Application Wednesday, December 1, 201019

20. Wednesday, December 1, 201020 Source: 2007 QRFM II: Incorporating Freight into “Four-Step” Travel Forecasting

21.  Factors affecting freight demand  Freight Transportation Modes  Air: cargo jets (Modal Characteristics Graphic)Modal Characteristics Graphic  Road: commercial vehicles (CV) or semi-trucks  Rail: freight trains  Water: barges and ships (Compare Graphic)Compare Graphic  Data Sources & Methods  Application Wednesday, December 1, 201021

22.  Factors affecting freight demand  Economy (volume of goods produced vs. consumed)  Industrial Location Patterns (spatial distribution)  Globalization of Business  Just-in-Time (JIT) Inventory Practices (Inventory and Production in sync)  Centralized Warehousing (Increased use of 3PLs)  Fuel Prices  Truck Size & Weight Limits (Increased payload requires less trips and in return lowers operating costs)  Congestion  Technology Wednesday, December 1, 201022 Source: Quick Response Freight Manual. FHWA. 1996. pp. 2-3 to 2-10.

23.  Data Sources (many available….sort of! ) ▪ Carload Waybill Sample ▪ Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) ▪ Freight Analysis Framework (FAF) ▪ LTL Commodity and Market Flow Database ▪ National Transportation Statistics (NTS)  Limitations ▪ Emphasis toward national and statewide ▪ Frequency of data ▪ Potential bias due to survey methods, unreliable estimates, or lack of freight modal coverage Wednesday, December 1, 201023

24.  Methods  Simple Growth Factor  Incorporating Freight into “Four-Step” Model Process  Commodity Models  Hybrid Approaches  Economic Activity Models Wednesday, December 1, 201024 Source: Quick Response Freight Manual II. FHWA. 2007.

25.  Truck sub-model  Trip Generation  Stratify Employment by Industry Classes (NAICS) ▪ Agriculture, Mining, & Construction ▪ Manufacturing, Transportation, Communication, Utils, &Trade ▪ Retail Trade ▪ Office & Services  Determine appropriate truck classes (Small, Medium, & Heavy)  Calculate attractions by TAZ and set productions equal Wednesday, December 1, 201025

26.  Trip Generation  Trip Rates Wednesday, December 1, 201026 Truck Trips Rates Source: Quick Response Freight Manual. FHWA. 1996. p. 4-4.

27.  Trip Distribution  Gravity Model  Friction Factors (shortest path time adjustment) Wednesday, December 1, 201027

28.  Traffic Assignment  Preload with All-or-Nothing method  Model Validation  Many tests similar to auto model validation.  Each step of process (Trip Gen, Distro,…etc)  Compare observed data to modeled output  Compute statistics…. ▪ And compare to other regions of similar size ▪ By varying levels of area type, geography, or truck type  Scenario Tests & Performance Measures Wednesday, December 1, 201028

29.  FHWA Talking Freight Seminars  http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/freightplanning/talking.htm http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/freightplanning/talking.htm  Freight Model Improvement Program (FMIP)  http://www.freight.dot.gov/fmip/index.cfm http://www.freight.dot.gov/fmip/index.cfm  Freight Analysis Framework (FAF)  http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/freight_analysis/faf/index.htm http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/freight_analysis/faf/index.htm  Quick Response Freight Manual II  http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/publications/qrfm2/index.htm http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/publications/qrfm2/index.htm Wednesday, December 1, 201029

30. Wednesday, December 1, 201030  Iowa DOT Projects  FRA Grant to update the Iowa Statewide Model  Rail Plan Update  Internal Freight Working Group  Iowa DOT/Iowa DED Moving Iowa Forward Conference  Freight Report Freight Plan  Freight Performance Measures  Iowa DOT Freight Advisory Committee  Multi-state Corridor Planning  NASCO  Mid-America Freight Coalition (MAFC)

31. Wednesday, December 1, 201031 Adam Shell adam.shell@dot.iowa.gov Craig O’Riley craig.oriley@dot.iowa.gov Office of Systems Planning Iowa Department of Transportation