1. 1 / x Spatial Data Infrastructure GRS-21306 Introduction Arnold Bregt

2. A few examples GEO (World) INSPIRE (EU) PDOK (Netherlands)

3. Contents Presentation What is SDI? Why SDI? What are the components? A few examples Summary

4. What is SDI? SDI = Spatial Data Infrastructure What is Spatial Data? What is an Infrastructure?

5. Definition (Oxford dictionary) “The basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or organization”

6. Infrastructure Infrastructure facilitates the production of goods and services

7. Characteristics of an Infrastructure Time SpanLong-term activity (10-100 yrs) UsersLarge users groups FundingTax money or obligatory amount per user Management/ Control Government, monopolist, political debate

8. Importance of Infrastructure GDP growth Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

9. Importance of infrastructure on GDP growth Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

10. GINI Coefficient

11. Importance of infrastructure on inequality Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

12. Importance of infrastructure on inequality Source: César Calderón and Luis Servén, WB

13. Types of Infrastructure Physical Infrastructures Organizational Infrastructures Information Infrastructures

14. Infrastructures (Physical)

15. Infrastructures (organizational)

16. Infrastructures (Information)

18. Video on SDI Video on SDI (Spain) Video on SDI (Canada) Video on SDI (Students) Video on SDI (Intergraph)

19. Definitions of SDI Executive Order of US (1994) National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) means the technology, policies, standards and human resources necessary to acquire, process, store, distribute, and improve utilization of geospatial data.

20. Definitions of SDI Wytzisk and Sliwinski (2004) A SDI can be understood as a multi-leveled, scalable, and adaptable collection of technical and human services, which are interconnected across system, organizational and administrative boundaries via standardized interfaces. Those services enable users from different application domains to participate in value chains by gaining seamless access to spatial information and geo- processing resources.

21. Definitions of SDI Utility view: SDI is a network facility for accessing and sharing spatial data. Component view: spatial data, standards, policies, technology and people Utility and goal: a network facility for supporting spatial issues in society accessing and sharing spatial data

22. Characteristics SDI Holistic concept Complex system ( see Paper Grus et al. in Reader ) Serving the organization/society not only a particular application 5 components and interaction between components

23. Question 1 What are the main reasons to initiate SDI development?

24. Views on SDI Component view CAS view (complex adaptive system) Technological view Organizational view User’s view ????

25. Components People Technology Policies Standards Spatial Data

26. Spatial Data sets (Geodetic reference, Cadastre, Topography) Administration Land Use Hydrology Environment Other... PeoplePoliciesSpatial Data Standards Technology

27. Networks Service Oriented Architecture Web Map server (WMS), Web Feature Service (WFS) Clearinghouses........ PeoplePoliciesSpatial Data Standards Technology

28. Standards Standardization organizations (ISO, CEN, OGC) INSPIRE Implementing rules GML, XML, Meta-data standards PeoplePoliciesSpatial Data Standards Technology

29. Policies SDI policy Technology policy Data access policies Data pricing policy reference..... PeoplePoliciesSpatial Data Standards Technology

30. People Data providers Policy makers SDI users Coordinating bodies........ PeoplePoliciesSpatial Data Standards Technology

31. Question 2 Provide examples of the mutual interaction between the 5 components of SDI.

32. A few examples Regional SDIs National SDIs Global SDI State SDIs Local SDIs Vertical Relationships

33. Exercise Try to find at least 3 geo portals on the web

34. Global Spatial Data Infrastructure (web-site)

35. Example Global

36. Example Regional (Europe)

37. Example National

38. Example National (The Netherlands)

39. Example Local (Spain)

40. A short history of SDI 1991 Term SDI from Canada 1994 Clinton Executive Order 12906 (SDI) 1996 GSDI organization 2007 INSPIRE directive 1998 SDI course in Wageningen

41. Summary SDI: infrastructure for Spatial data 5 Components World-wide development (also RS data) Long term activity Difficult to organize

42. Final Remark We (Lukasz, Vicky and Arnold wish you a good 2015 and fruitful SDI course! Questions?