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AP United States History Unit 2 A New Nation, 1783-1815
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Goals Of The Constitution Origins Found in the preamble of the Constitution. Announced why the Constitution was to replace the Articles of Confederation. The Constitution http://lawlibnews.blog.asu.edu/files/2007/09/constitution_quill_pen.jpg/
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Goals Of The Constitution The Goals Establish justice. National courts are needed to interpret and judge the laws. Creates one system of justice. Ensure domestic tranquility. In response to Shays' Rebellion and interstate conflicts over trade and crime. Provides the federal government with the authority to preserve the peace. American Eagle Seal Of The United States http://www.uwec.edu/freitard/GroupAndMinority/ Charlotte/Issues/eagle.bmp
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Goals Of The Constitution The Goals Provide for common defense. Strong armed forces are important to a nation's foreign policy. Provides Congress the power to raise and support an army and navy. Seal Of The U.S. Army http://www.ushistory.org/betsy/images/armyseal.jpg
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Goals Of The Constitution The Goals Promote the general welfare. Provide for the well-being of the all the people by collecting taxes and setting aside money for programs to benefit society. Secure the blessings of liberty. The freedom to live as you please as long as you obey the laws and respect the rights of others. Statue Of liberty http://www.iec-okc.com/portals/0/ProjGalleryImages/Statue_of_liberty.jpg
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Five Principles Popular Sovereignty Defined. The people rule through a social contract with the government. A representative government in which people elect public officials in free and frequent elections. Original Thirteen States http://www.teachnet.ie/jheffernan/2005/images/american-revolution-map.gif
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Five Principles Government ’ s Power Should Be Limited Fearful of tyranny, the first government under the Articles of Confederation was deliberately made too weak. Written in a Constitution, certain rights are guaranteed. The Constitution http://www.realtyworld-barnes.com/resources/constitution-01.gif/
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Five Principles Federalism Results In A Sharing Of Power Defined. Power is broken up between the central and state governments. Powers of the federal government are clearly stated in Article I, Section 10. Powers reserved to the states are found in Article I and in the 10 th Amendment. Federalism http://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/democracy/images/4federalism.jpg
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Five Principles Separation Of Powers Creates three branches of the federal government, each having its own powers. Legislative---Make the laws. Executive---Enforce the laws. Judicial---Interpret the laws. Separation Of Powers http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/separation_powers600g50.gif
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Five Principles Checks & Balances Each branch is to check the powers of the other branches. Three Branches Of Government http://www.usconsulate.org.hk/pas/kids/images/branches.jpg
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Five Principles Checks & Balances: Legislative (Congress) POWERS. Passes laws, taxes, and money bills. Override a veto with 2/3 vote. Approves Supreme Court appointments. Raises and supports armed forces. Declares war. Sets standard weights and measures. Regulates foreign and interstate commerce. CHECKS ON POWER. President can veto laws. Supreme Court can rule that laws are unconstitutional.
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Five Principles Checks & Balances: Executive (President) POWERS. Carry out the laws. May propose or veto laws. Conducts foreign policy. Can grant pardons or reprieves. Prepares the budget. Appoints Supreme Court judges and other officials. Serves as Commander-in- Chief of the armed forces. CHECKS ON POWER. Congress can override vetoes. Congress can impeach the president and other high officials. Senate approves Presidential appointments.
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Five Principles Checks & Balances: Judicial (Federal Courts) POWERS. Interprets the laws. Rules on the constitutionality of laws. CHECKS ON POWER. Congress can propose an amendment to the Constitution to change the laws. Congress can refuse to approve presidential appointments.
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Living Document Amendments Extremely hard process to amend the Constitution. Results in only 27 amendments in over 225 years. School House Rock! Bill http://www.postdiluvian.org/~gilly/Schoolhouse_Rock/pix/bill.jpg
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Living Document Key Amendments: Bill Of Rights First ten amendments. Includes freedom of speech, the press, religion, assembly, the right to bear arms, protection from unreasonable search and seizure, trial by jury, and more. Bill Of Rights http://www.corliss-lamont.org/tbor-prt.gif
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Living Document Key Amendments: Civil War Amendments Amendments 13-15. Ended slavery, guaranteed slaves citizenship and equal rights, and guaranteed the right to vote regardless of race. 13 th Amendment: Emancipation http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Images/13th.jpg
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Living Document Key Amendments: Nineteenth Amendment Extended the right to vote to women. Women’s Suffrage March http://www.photosofoldamerica.com/webart/large/133.jpg
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Living Document Language & Tradition The Elastic Clause. Article I, Section 8, Clause 18. Allowed Congress to stretch its powers to pass laws to change with society. Commerce Clause. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3. Regulate trade with other nations and between states. Allows the laws to keep pace with technological and economical changes. The Elastic Clause http://www.smackshopping.com/wp- content/uploads/2007/12/rubber%20band%20ball.jpg
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Living Document Language & Tradition Increased the power of the executive branch. Creation of a Cabinet to head the different departments. National emergencies increase the leadership role of the President. Washington’s First Cabinet: Knox, Hamilton, Jefferson, & Randolph http://www.gwu.edu/~ffcp/exhibit/p5/p5_9Large.jpg
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Living Document Language & Tradition Judicial review. Established in Mabury v. Madison by John Marshall. An interpretation of Article III, Section 2. Allows the Supreme Court the right to decide whether a law violates the Constitution. John Marshall http://www.constitution.org/img/john_marshall_1824_peticolas.jpg
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Responsibilities Of The Citizen Learn about your rights. Respect the rights of others. Express your views. Norman Rockwell’s Freedom Of Speech http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/adc/1 0231137A~Freedom-Of-Speech-Posters.jpg
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Responsibilities Of The Citizen Stay informed about community and national issues. Vote. Rock The Vote http://neillfamily.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/rock-the-vote.gif
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Responsibilities Of The Citizen Obey the laws. Serve on juries. Norman Rockwell’s The Jury Room http://publish.pdesigner.com/Stone4Defense/Graphics/Library/juryroom_norman.jpg
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Responsibilities Of The Citizen Volunteer. Defend the nation when called upon. Norman Rockwell’s The Red Cross Volunteer http://www.norman-rockwell.info/image/Thumbs/t_RedCrossVolunteer.jpg
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