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Introduction to Android Programming (CS5248 Fall 2015) Aditya Kulkarni (email.aditya.kulkarni@gmail.com) August 26, 2015 *Based on slides from Paresh Mayami (Google Inc.)
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Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup
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Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup Creating and Building Android App Create an Android Project Building and Running Debugging
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Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup Creating and Building Android App Create an Android Project Building and Running Debugging General Topics Android Application Components Misc: Media Recorder, MediaCodec, HTTP Post, MP4Parser
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Contents Introduction Android OS Environment Setup Creating and Building Android App Create an Android Project Building and Running Debugging General Topics Android Application Components Misc: Media Recorder, MediaCodec, HTTP Post, MP4Parser Sample Application http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html
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Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java
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Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java The Android OS is a multi-user Linux system
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Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java The Android OS is a multi-user Linux system Android app lives in its own security sandbox System assigns each app a unique Linux user ID Each process has its own virtual machine Every application runs in its own Linux process
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Application Fundamentals Android apps are written in Java The Android OS is a multi-user Linux system Android app lives in its own security sandbox System assigns each app a unique Linux user ID Each process has its own virtual machine Every application runs in its own Linux process The Android system implements the principle of least privilege http://developer.android.com/guide/components/fundamentals.html
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Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK
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Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK Step 2: Configure the SDK
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Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK Step 2: Configure the SDK Step 3: Create your first Android App
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Environment Setup Four basic steps to get an App running Step 1: Install JDK Step 2: Configure the SDK Step 3: Create your first Android App Step 4: Build and Run your App
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Step-1: Install JDK
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JDK Installation JDK and JRE are different! Can download the JDK for your OS at http://java.oracle.com http://java.oracle.com Alternatively, for OS X, Linux: –OS X: Open /Applications/Utilities/Terminal.app Type javac at command line Install Java when prompt appears –Linux: Type sudo apt–get install default–jdk at command line (Debian, Ubuntu) Other distributions: consult the documentation
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Install! 16
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Step-2: Configure the SDK
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SDK Configuration Download Android SDK from http://developer.android.com http://developer.android.com
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SDK Configuration Download Android SDK from http://developer.android.com http://developer.android.com Or Simplest: Download and install Android Studio bundle (including Android SDK) for your OS
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Install! 20
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Step-3: Create your first Android App
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Your first Android App
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Long time ago, in a galaxy far, far away …
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Eclipse IDE- Official IDE for Android development ADT plugin Apache Ant for building projects
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… so Google said …
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Install
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Run
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Recommended: Install Android 2.2, 2.3.3 APIs and 4.x API Do not worry about Intel x86 Atom, MIPS system images Settings Run Android SDK Manager
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Now you are ready for Android development!
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Create new Android project
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Create Activity
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The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires
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The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires Declare the minimum API level required by the application
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The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires Declare the minimum API level required by the application Declare hardware and software features used or required by the application
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The Manifest File Identify any user permissions the application requires Declare the minimum API level required by the application Declare hardware and software features used or required by the application API libraries the application needs to be linked
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The Manifest File
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Step-4: Building & Running your App
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Building Process Running
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No Android Device?
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Install USB Driver !!!
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Install OEM USB Driver from ASUS website. http://support.asus.com/download/http://support.asus.com/download/ and search by Transformer Update Driver Software from Device Manager Locate USB Driver folder Enable USB Debugging at Transformer USB Driver Installation Update Driver software
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Enabling USB Debugging
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Running Sample App
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Sample “Hello World” Code
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Editing Sample Code Add id to main.xml “@+id/helloId”
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Editing Sample Code Add id to main.xml Edit HelloWorldActivity.java “@+id/helloId”
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A Sample Code
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Important points 1.UI Element has an Id 2.Variables in our code link to UI elements 3.Update UI element content from the program 1 2 3
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App Failure
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Let us debug the code …
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Always, look at DDMS !!!
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Correction
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Debugging via Dalvik Debug Monitor Service (DDMS) Log.e("Hello, World", "Hello, BJ");
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Android Application Components
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Application Components Android Application.apk : Android package
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Application Components Android Application.apk : Android package Four Application Components Activity Service Content Provider Broadcast Receiver
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Application Components Android Application.apk : Android package Four Application Components Activity Service Content Provider Broadcast Receiver Communication among components except Content Provider Intent
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Activity Activity LifecycleImplement Lifecycle Callbacks
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Activity Hierarchical View Architecture ViewGroup (Layout) View ViewGroup (Layout) View … View ViewGroup …
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Activity Hierarchical View Architecture ViewGroup (Layout) View ViewGroup (Layout) View … View ViewGroup … Do not forget to declare Activity in the Manifest
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Activity Start an Activity Start an Activity for a Result Caller Activity Callee Activity finish
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Activities and Stack
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Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations
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Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations A service does not provide a user interface
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Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations A service does not provide a user interface Another component, such as an activity, can start the service and let it run or bind to it in order to interact with it
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Services A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations A service does not provide a user interface Another component, such as an activity, can start the service and let it run or bind to it in order to interact with it e.g a service might play music in the background while the user is in a different app
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Broadcast Receivers A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to system-wide broadcast announcements
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Broadcast Receivers A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to system-wide broadcast announcements Apps can also initiate broadcasts
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Broadcast Receivers A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to system-wide broadcast announcements Apps can also initiate broadcasts Although broadcast receivers don't display a UI, they may create a status bar notification to alert the user when a broadcast event occurs
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Content Providers A content provider manages a shared set of app data
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Content Providers A content provider manages a shared set of app data Through the content provider, other apps can query or even modify the data
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Content Providers A content provider manages a shared set of app data Through the content provider, other apps can query or even modify the data Any app with the proper permissions can query part of the content provider
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Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed
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Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed It can be used with startActivity to launch an ActivitystartActivity Activity
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Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed It can be used with startActivity to launch an ActivitystartActivity Activity broadcastIntent to send it to any interested BroadcastReceiver componentsbroadcastIntent BroadcastReceiver
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Intent An intent is an abstract description of an operation to be performed It can be used with startActivity to launch an ActivitystartActivity Activity broadcastIntent to send it to any interested BroadcastReceiver componentsbroadcastIntent BroadcastReceiver startService(Intent) or bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, int) to communicate with a background ServicestartService(Intent)bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, int)Service
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UI – Declaring Layout Initiated when called setContentView() on onCreate()
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UI – Declaring Layout Initiated when called setContentView() on onCreate() Use Visual Layout Editor for initial layout design
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UI – Declaring Layout Initiated when called setContentView() on onCreate() Use Visual Layout Editor for initial layout design Edit XML file extensively
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UI – Handling UI Events onClick, onLongClick, onKey, onTouch, …
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Thread UI Thread “Main” thread per application is responsible for interacting with UI components
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Thread UI Thread “Main” thread per application is responsible for interacting with UI components “Application Not Responding” problem If UI thread is blocked more than several seconds, ANR dialog appears Do not block the UI thread Do not access UI components outside UI thread
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Thread UI Thread “Main” thread per application is responsible for interacting with UI components “Application Not Responding” problem If UI thread is blocked more than several seconds, ANR dialog appears Do not block the UI thread Do not access UI components outside UI thread modify
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Use AsyncTask, Instead
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Misc - Media Recorder Modify CameraPreview to see the video during recording
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Misc – Media Codec To access low-level media codecs, i.e. encoder/decoder components
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Misc - HTTP Post Use HttpClient and HttpPost Use “multi-part/form-data” to encapsulate segment Do not excessively use memory
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Misc – Permission Issue Add following permissions to the Manifest file
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Sample Implementation MainActivity CaptureActivity Upload Service PlayerActivity Option menuContext menu Capture Capture Button Click Play click Background Upload
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Misc - Integration with MP4Parser Adding a jar file Create its jar file Add jar file to the app Build Path > Configure Build Path > Libraries > Add JARs If you include source files directly, Put Isoparser-default.properties to assets folder Change getResourceAsStream(“isoparser- default.properties”) in PropertyBoxParserImpl to “/assets/isoparser-default.properties” https://code.google.com/p/mp4parser/ https://github.com/sannies/mp4parser
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Final Comment: Use ApiDemo !!!
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General References How to work with Android GUI layouts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xn9KYnwIoBE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xn9KYnwIoBE Building and running your app http://developer.android.com/tools/building/building-eclipse.html http://developer.android.com/tools/building/building-eclipse.html Deployment of the.apk file http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3480201/how-do-you-install-an- apk-file-in-the-android-emulator http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3480201/how-do-you-install-an- apk-file-in-the-android-emulator Find the hidden developer option http://www.cnet.com/how- to/restore-the-developer-options-menu-in-android-4-2/http://www.cnet.com/how- to/restore-the-developer-options-menu-in-android-4-2/ Rotation lock/unlock http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/26715/how- to-make-your-android-phone-stop-rotating-the-screen-when- you%E2%80%99re-reading-sideways/ http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/26715/how- to-make-your-android-phone-stop-rotating-the-screen-when- you%E2%80%99re-reading-sideways/ Video tutorials http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5RHtKIo_KDIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5RHtKIo_KDI Load/Open an existing package (e.g., the provided ClassExamples) into your eclipse File --> Import... --> General-Tab --> Existing Projects into Workspace (and click Next) Select root Directory: click Browse: select the folder the include the AndroidManifest.xml or project.properties files. Click finish
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Thank You! Any questions
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