1. New and old approach Individual teacher and teaching Teacher is the facilitator to support students’ learning Multiple intelligence teacher Individualised teaching style Teaching is to arouse curiosity Reproduced teacher and teaching Teacher is the centre of education Partially competent teacher Standard teaching style Teaching is to transfer knowledge

2. New approach Old approach Teaching is a process to initiate, facilitate, and sustain students’ self-learning and self- actualisation Sharing joy with students Teaching is a life-long learning process Teaching is a disciplinary, delivering, training, and socialising process Achieving standards in examinations Teaching is a transfer and application process

3. New approach Old approach Localised and globalised teacher and teaching Multiple local and global sources of teaching and knowledge Networked teaching World-class teaching School-bounded teacher and teaching Teacher as the sole source of teaching and knowledge Separated teaching Site-bounded teaching

4. New approach Old approach Unlimited opportunities for teaching Teacher with local and international outlook As a world class and networked Limited opportunities for teaching Teacher with only school experiences As a school- bounded and separated teacher