1. I T & S A e r o s p a c eD e f e n c e Content adaptation for gradual Quality of Service Vania Conan, Arnaud Pierre Thales vania.conan@fr.thalesgroup.com arnaud.pierre@fr.thalesgroup.com

2. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Example problem: video over heterogeneous networks Problem: How to manage QoS in heterogeneous networks characterised by various types of radio links (UMTS, WLAN, …), load variations and typology. User with laptop PC User with Mobile phone Group of users User with PDA

3. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Presentation plan 1- Content adaptation problem applications 2- Middleware application Layer Concepts architecture 3- Overlay networks principles current work 4- Overlay management PDP/PEP approach 5- Conclusions

4. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 The concept of Content Adaptation Module Examples of needs for content adaptation 1.HTML content adaptation 2.VRML 3.Video ConditionsInputinformationContent adaptedinformationContent Content adaptation

5. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Compressed Image bitstream Progressive Transmission by quality 0.125bpp 0.25bpp1bpplossless

6. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Compressed Image bitstream Progressive Transmission by resolution

7. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Content adaptation Wireless Network User Profile Content adaptation adapt information Nature or/and Structure to a set of constraints End user Equipment Wireless network constraints low bandwidth (low signal power) connection cut hazards End user equipment (heterogeneous) laptop PC PDA environment mobile phone environment user profile user role in the organisation access control

8. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Presentation plan 1- Content adaptation problem applications 2- Middleware application Layer Concepts architecture 3- Overlay networks principles current work 4- Overlay management PDP/PEP approach 5- Conclusions

9. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 unified information format Header Information Content CAM Rules Incoming cell Output cell Information structure: a “cell” Cell:: (Header, Content)> Header:: (Parameter +) Content:: (Properties, Data) Properties:: (Property *)

10. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Information Flow transport level cell level information level Cell Parsers Content adaptation Service 00101101…text...

11. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 A system of rules Content properties Loaded Service Content Adapted Content Set of Rules Context (System state) Type Of Content setOfProperties] Then [...] Else [ … ] If [setOfProperties] Then [...] Else [ … ]

12. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Rule design DTD Description ruleID instruction condition booleanExpression operator and or not operandList operand property thenExpression elseExpression statement serviceID

13. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Module Architecture Libraries of Resources Serv.RulesInfo Process Process Management Processor Factory Statistics & evaluation External Communication Messages Management Module Events generation Module Information Capture Cell capture Content extraction CAM State Management CAM State Profile Management Information Delivery Cell generation Content formatting Cell parser Library

14. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Where to find content adaptation? Client-based integration PDA content Adaptation HTML, images Server-based integration Module implemented by server routines VRML objects Network based integration Entity A Entity B Adaptation Module LAN WLAN Relay

15. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Presentation plan 1- Content adaptation problem applications 2- Middleware application Layer Concepts Architecture 3- Overlay networks principles current work 4- Overlay management PDP/PEP approach 5- Conclusions

16. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Definition An overlay network is a network built on top of existing networks replaces some of the functionality of underlying network e.g. addressing, routing, service model adds an additional layer of indirection builds a virtual network makes new services available to applications Resource discovery Enhanced features (multicast, security, reliability) It is an alternative to changing the global operational infrastructure Entity A Entity B Overlay nodes

17. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Pros: Reuse Reuse of existing infrastructure (hardware, software, providers) No modification of existing network layer software/protocols But Deploy new software on top of existing software P2P software,... Possibly deploy new hardware cache servers,... Support evolving network services expensive to develop entirely new networking hardware/software all networks after the telephone have begun as overlay networks

18. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Pros: Reuse ! Not every node needs/wants overlay network service all the time e.g., QoS guarantees for best-effort traffic Overlay network may be too heavyweight for some nodes e.g., consumes too much memory, cycles, or bandwidth Overlay network may have unclear security properties e.g., may be used for service denial attack Overlay network may scale poorly e.g. may require n 2 state or communication

19. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Cons Adds overhead Adds a layer in networking stack Additional packet headers, processing load at the nodes Sometimes, additional work is redundant E.g. addressing Adds complexity Layering does not eliminate complexity, it only manages it Another layer !  more possible unintended interaction between layers E.g., corruption drops on wireless interpreted as congestion drops by TCP

20. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Presentation plan 1- Content adaptation problem applications 2- Middleware application Layer Concepts architecture 3- Overlay networks principles current work 4- Overlay management PDP/PEP approach 5- Conclusions

21. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 QoS policy management Proxy Filtering service eg. JPEG2000 JPEG2000 server Client Client QoS policy (SLS) Decision point Negotiated contract (SLA)

22. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Network Deployment Two steps procedure: - at call set up: opening a session and launching adaptation set up : PDP - during the session: filtering of content : PEP user AR Video server Router+ PEP Router PS JRM PDP

23. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Video adaptation concept demonstrator The system is composed of three distinct modules: A broadcasting video server acts as a source of JPEG images. Its main role is to generate a video flow of images which are sent to a specific proxy. A filter proxy It receives the image flow from the source and transmits it to the client. The “video” flow is truncated according to the QoS parameters required by each client. Input: flow of JPEG images issued by the source, client transmit/QoS requests Output: personalized “Video” flow for each client the client module After sending to the proxy connection and QoS parameters, its role is to receive decompress and display the “video” flow. Input: flow of JPEG images issued by the proxy, Output: client/QoS requests for configuring the proxy. Flow of JPEG images Video broadcasting server proxy PDA client PC client Lite PC client

24. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Presentation plan 1- Content adaptation problem applications 2- Middleware application Layer Concepts architecture 3- Overlay networks principles current work 4- Overlay management PDP/PEP approach 5- Conclusions

25. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 Conclusions Overlay network built on top of the Internet for content adaptation Middleware supports processing of structured data dynamic upload of new processing features rules-based external supervision On going work Link with overlay management Application to multicast video delivery

26. Séminaire QoS, 25 juin 2004 End Thank you !