1. Types of Electrolytes Chapter 5 part 1

2. Types of Electrolytes 1)Non electrolytes 2)Weak electrolytes 3)Strong electrolytes

3. Types of Electrolytes Z Non electrolyte: do not dissociate (break apart) into ions ZInsoluble ionic compounds ZGases, Solids, and Liquids

4. Types of Electrolytes Z Weak electrolyte : undergo partial dissociation; equilibrium exists ZWeak acids (acetic - CH 3 CO 2 H) ZWeak bases (ammonia - NH 3 ) CH 3 CO 2 H ← CH 3 CO 2 - + H +

5. Strong Electrolytes ZThese compounds are made of ions that become “free” in an aqueous solution to carry a current

6. Strong electrolytes ZCompletely break apart into free ions ( dissociate) Z3 Types 1) Strong acids (H-A) 2) Strong bases (B-OH) 3) Soluble ionic compounds (M-Nm)

7. Strong Acids ZGrp 17: HCl, HBr, HI ZHNO 3, HClO 4 ZH 2 SO 4 (first H+ only) ZHNO 3 + H 2 O--> Acids increase the amount of H + /H 3 O + in solution H 3 O + + NO 3 -

8. Strong Bases ZAlkali metal hydroxides (LiOH, NaOH, KOH) ZNaOH --> Na + + OH - Bases increase the amount of OH- in solution

9. Soluble Ionic Compound ZNaCl (s) --> Na + + Cl -

10. How do you determine if an ionic compound is soluble?

11. Solubility Rules Yes you must Memorize!!! 1.All compounds containing Group 1 cations and NH 4 + ion are soluble. “GOOD guys”

12. Solubility Rules 2. All compounds containing NO 3 -, ClO 4 -, ClO 3 -, and C 2 H 3 O 2 - anions are soluble. “GOOD guys”

13. Solubility Rules 3. Compounds containing chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble (EXCEPT those containing: Pb +2, Ag +1, Hg 2 +2 )

14. Solubility Rules 4. Compounds containing SO 4 2- sulfates are soluble (EXCEPT those containing: Ca +2, Sr +2, Ba +2, Pb +2, Ag +1, Hg 2 +2 )

15. Solubility Rules 5. Compounds containing ions of CO 3 2-, PO 4 3-, S 2-, SO 3 2- are insoluble (EXCEPT for rule 1) “BAD guys”

16. Solubility Rules 6. Compounds containing OH- are soluble (EXCEPT: for rule 1 and Ca 2+, Sr 2+, and Ba 2+ )

17. Soluble or Insoluble? Write all the free ions if soluble 1) SrCl 2 2) CaSO 4 3) AgBr 4) Na 2 CO 3 5) Pb(OH) 2 6) AlPO 4 7) (NH 4 ) 2 SO 3 8) Pb(NO 3 ) 2