1. Smart Grid- An Introduction
Dr. A. K. Sinha
Head, School of Energy Sc. & Engg. and Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering IIT Kharagpur
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

2. A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation
Electricity Grid
Aged
Centralized
Manual operations
Vulnerable
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

3. A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation
Goal
Upgrade the grid Smart way
Source:
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

4. A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation
Smart Grid
Uses ICT to improve power grid
Allow consumers to interact with the grid
Integrates renewable energy sources and advanced technologies into the operation of the grid
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

5. A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation
Smart Grid Vision
Intelligent
Green
Efficient
Accommodating
Motivating
Opportunistic
Quality
Resilient
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

6. Advanced Sensing and Measurement
Enhance power system measurements and transform data into information.
Evaluate the integrity of the grid, the health of equipment, and enable Advanced Decision Support Systems.
Enable consumer choice and demand response, help relieve congestion and reduce cost
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

7. Advanced Sensing and Measurement
Health Monitor: Phasor measurement unit (PMU)
Measure and determine the health of the system.
Increase the reliability by detecting faults early, prevent power outages.
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

8. A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation
Better forecasting to improve the predictability of renewable energy.
The grid control systems dynamically adjust the source of power supply.
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

9. Integrated Communications and Security
Fully integrated, high-speed, two-way communication makes the smart grid a dynamic, interactive “mega-infrastructure” for real-time information and power exchange.
Cyber Security: the new communication mechanism should consider security, reliability, QoS.
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

10. Advanced Components and Subsystems
Advanced power system devices use the latest research in materials, superconductivity, energy storage, power electronics, and microelectronics
Produce higher power densities, greater reliability and power quality, lower costs
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

11. Advanced Components and Subsystems
Advanced Energy Storage
New Battery Technologies
Sodium Sulfur (NaS)
Li-Air
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV)
Grid-to-Vehicle(G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)
Peak load reduction(V2G)
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

12. Smart and efficient appliances
New smart appliances
Help increase usage efficiency and reduce wastage
May be dc powered
Better methods of cooling / heating and cooling / heating locally if required
Smart-grids must help move away from fossil fuels to renewable resources as its economy grows
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

13. Improved Interfaces and Decision Support
The smart grid will require wide, seamless, often real-time use of applications and tools that enable grid operators and managers to make decisions quickly.
Decision support and improved interfaces will enable more accurate and timely human decision making at all levels of the grid, including the consumer level.
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

14. Improved Interfaces and Decision Support
Advanced Pattern Recognition
Visualization Human Interface
Region of Stability Existence (ROSE)
Real-time calculate the stable region based on the voltage constraints, thermal limits, etc.
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

15. Intelligent Microgrids
Distributed
Loosely connected
Autonomous
Can perform automatic control without human intervention, such as fault isolation
Intelligent
Demand-side management
Securing critical loads
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

16. Electricity Market Current practice: Fixed market
“Trading Agents for the Smart Electricity Grid”
Current practice: Fixed market
Few producers, less competition
Regulated by government
The future : Free market
Many producers (wind, solar, …)
Less regulation
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

17. Prof. A. K. Sina Smart Grid (EEEE60016)

18. A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation
Conclusion
Smart Grid intelligent power control for the
next century
Integrates two way communication,
renewable energy, PHEV
New technologies sensing, controlling,
decision support.
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation

19. Thanks for Your Patience
A. K. Sinha IIT Guwahati Presentation