1. Validity and Reliability What’s it all about?

2. What is Validity? The information in the text has been proven to be true. The author is able to prove what is in the text by witness accounts. The author is able to quote a fact based on historical documents. I do

3. Primary Sources- Actual records that have survived from the past. Letters/Emails Paintings/Photographs Articles of clothing Birth/marriage certificates Direct quotes from people Government documents Diaries Maps Stamps Speeches Interviews Secondary Sources- Accounts of the past created by people writing about events sometime after they happened. History textbook Paintings Re-enactments Movies about historical events Art Music recordings Published stories Types of Historical Documents we do

4. Let’s Try: 1 2 3 4 they do

5. How did you do? P P S P they do

6. What is Reliability? When the information is dependable and trusted. Example: 3 of the kids in my class love tuna fish. Non-example: Everyone in my class hates tuna. When the information comes from a legitimate source. Example: My doctor said calcium is good for building strong bones. Non-example: My grandma says the only thing to cure a cold is garlic. I do

7. Let’s Try Again: 1 2 3 4 they do

8. How did you do? Yes No Yes/ No they do

9. Reliability Dig a little to determine where the historical document comes from. Identify if the source of the historical document is giving information that is TRUE and can be proven or if the source is putting in their own opinion of the events. I do

10. How to determine reliability If it is a primary source it is reliable. If it is a secondary source Look for where the document comes from Identify any personal opinions or reasons to persuade within the document we do

11. Let’s read! Use your graphic organizer to help you determine the validity and reliability.

12. taken from Letters from a Pilgrim Child 1620

13. Answer this HOT question. What information supports the conclusion that the Pilgrims had a difficult journey? a)September 6, 1620. The Mayflower leaves. b)A passenger is thrown overboard but catches a rope and is rescued. c)The crew stops in Newfoundland for supplies and fresh water. d)They land at Cape Cod, Massachusetts on November 11 th. Tell why the answer you selected supports this conclusion. You do

14. How did you do? What information supports the conclusion that the Pilgrims had a difficult journey? a)September 6, 1620. The Mayflower leaves. b)A passenger is thrown overboard but catches a rope and is rescued. c)The crew stops in Newfoundland for supplies and fresh water. d)They land at Cape Cod, Massachusetts on November 11 th. Why? You do

15. Validity and Reliability What’s it all about?

16. What is Validity? The information in the text has been proven to be true. The author is able to prove what is in the text by witness accounts. The author is able to quote a fact based on historical documents. I do

17. Primary Sources- Actual records that have survived from the past. Letters/Emails Paintings/Photographs Articles of clothing Birth/marriage certificates Direct quotes from people Government documents Diaries Maps Stamps Speeches Interviews Secondary Sources- Accounts of the past created by people writing about events sometime after they happened. History textbook Paintings Re-enactments Movies about historical events Art Music recordings Published stories Types of Historical Documents we do

18. Other ways to say… supports greatest benefit evidence most valid sound trusted argument conclusion reasons behind reliable dependable Key: conclusion words: orange support: yellow

19. Authors give support in the text Cites experts in the field The geologist stated a crevice was created by rising lava. Uses information from a primary source This letter contains the first recorded phrase, “Speak softly and carry a big stick,” a trademark of President Roosevelt. Quotes eyewitnesses “I stayed in New Orleans after the hurricane because I didn’t have anywhere else to go,” state Jonathan Hare, hurricane survivor. Shows actual photographs from the time period. The author cites various sources to support the statements made in the text. Uses statistics and/or precise numerical facts 75% of all fifth graders believe they will go to college. Ways authors say, “This proves what I’m saying is true.”

20. Let’s read! Use your graphic organizer to help you determine the validity and reliability.

21. What do I have to do? Identify the validity AND reliability. How do I do this? Make sure the text you are reading is nonfiction State the Main Idea Identify supporting facts within and across the texts (ways authors support the text). Apply information

22. Let’s try. ConclusionSupport The Pilgrims had a very difficult journey. The two month journey will not be an easy one. The ship begins to leak. we do/the y do

23. How did you do? ConclusionSupport The Pilgrims had a very difficult journey. The two month journey will not be an easy one. The ship begins to leak. they do

24. Let’s wrap up Using your notes, determine if this historical document is: A primary or secondary source If it is reliable Explain why you do George Washington’s wooden teeth

25. How did you do? Using your notes, determine if this historical document is: A primary or secondary source It is reliable Why? These are George Washington’s actual wooden teeth. They are in a museum that performs many tests to determine if they are real. you do George Washington’s wooden teeth

26. Validity and Reliability What’s it all about?

27. Authors give support in the text Cites experts in the field The geologist stated a crevice was created by rising lava. Uses information from a primary source This letter contains the first recorded phrase, “Speak softly and carry a big stick,” a trademark of President Roosevelt. Quotes eyewitnesses “I stayed in New Orleans after the hurricane because I didn’t have anywhere else to go,” state Jonathan Hare, hurricane survivor. Shows actual photographs from the time period. The author cites various sources to support the statements made in the text. Uses statistics and/or precise numerical facts 75% of all fifth graders believe they will go to college. Ways authors say, “This proves what I’m saying is true.”

28. What do I have to do? Identify the validity AND reliability. How do I do this? Make sure the text you are reading is nonfiction State the Main Idea Identify supporting facts within and across the texts (ways authors support the text). Apply information

29. Let’s Try: 1 2 3 4 they do

30. How did you do? S P P S they do

32. How did you do? ConclusionSupport They had much to be thankful for.The Pilgrims had built seven houses, a common meeting place, and 3 storehouses. They found their own food and were able to cook it. you do