1. Wave energy resource in the Pacific Cyprien Bosserelle, Tom Durrant, Sandeep Reddy, Jens Kruger Spatial/temporal analysis of wave parameters 19 th Nov 2013 Pacific Island Countries GIS and RS User Conference

2. Motivations Coastal hazards (inundation, erosion) Hazard mitigation Coastal planning and development Disaster management Water and sanitation Why are we studying waves?

3. Motivation Wave energy could play an important role in the development of Pacific Island nations How reliable is wave energy in the region and where to install what device?

4. Method: Wave hindcast Simulation of waves in the past Global to regional scale 1979 to 2013 Wave Watch III model (State of the art wave simulation) Wind from NOAA-CFSR reanalysis Hourly wind hindcast High spatial resolution (0.3deg) Includes cyclones (crude)

5. Method: Nearshore wave hindcast Simulation of waves in the past using the global wave hindcast Fine scale (100-300Km) Simulating Wave Nearshore (SWAN) Selected locations: Western Samoa Tongatapu (Tonga) Fiji (Viti Levu, Kadavu) Efate (Vanuatu) Funafuti (Tuvalu) Rarotonga (Cook Islands)

6. Wave height of the global ocean m

7. Complex wave climate Many wave generation areas; many islands Number of wave systems present

8. Mean wave height m Southern Ocean swells North Pacific swells

9. Reliability of wave power Wave height exceeded 99% of the time m

10. Reliability of wave height Wave height exceeded 90% of the time m

11. Mean available wave power kW/m

12. Importance of local bathymetry kW/m Wide continental shelf Narrow/no continental shelf

13. Samoa nearshore bathymetry Depth (m)

14. Wave height Hotspots m

15. m

16. Take home messages Wave climate in the Pacific region is one of the most complex in the world Wave energy is reliable and a commercially viable resource in most of the region (except PNG, Solomon) Offshore assessment can be realistic for islands with steep offshore slopes but nearshore analysis is need for larger island with gentler slopes Future Work Local wave energy and hotspot for 6 islands of the Pacific region Simulation of the energy output of: Wave Oyster Palamis CETO Cost-benefit assessement

17. Thank you