1. Periodic Table Regions Chapter 19 - supplement

2. I. How are elements classified? A. Each element is a member of a family of related elements 1. Grouped by similarities in physical and chemical properties chemical properties 2. There are 4 basic groups a. Metals a. Metals b. Nonmetals b. Nonmetals c. Metalloids c. Metalloids d. Noble gases d. Noble gases

3. II. Metals A. Basic properties of metals 1. Shiny and able to be stretched or shaped shaped 2. Good conductors of electricity and heat heat

4. B. 4 Kinds of metals 1. Alkali metals (group 1)  Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr a. Highly reactive (especially with water) a. Highly reactive (especially with water) b. Soft b. Soft c. Shiny c. Shiny d. Have 1 valence electron  loses it to form +1 ions d. Have 1 valence electron  loses it to form +1 ions e. Rarely found in nature as elements e. Rarely found in nature as elements

5. B. 4 Kinds of metals 2. Alkaline Earth metals (group 2)  Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra a. Reactive a. Reactive b. Have 2 valence electrons b. Have 2 valence electrons  loses them to form +2 ions  loses them to form +2 ions c. Usually found as compounds c. Usually found as compounds d. Calcium makes up shells of sea animals d. Calcium makes up shells of sea animals

6. B. 4 Kinds of metals 3. Transition metals a. Groups 3-12, and elements #57-71, and a. Groups 3-12, and elements #57-71, and elements #89-103 elements #89-103 b. Variable reactivity b. Variable reactivity c. Lose electrons to form cations (positive ions) c. Lose electrons to form cations (positive ions) d. Conduct heat and electricity d. Conduct heat and electricity e. Found as elements in nature e. Found as elements in nature f. Many uses  jewelry, wires, pipes, etc. f. Many uses  jewelry, wires, pipes, etc.

7. B. 4 Kinds of metals 4. Other metals  Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, Bi, Po Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, Bi, Po 5. Synthetic elements  man-made man-made a. All elements with atomic a. All elements with atomic number 93 and higher number 93 and higher b. Most are unstable and radioactive b. Most are unstable and radioactive

8. III. Non-Metals A. On right side of the periodic table 1. Some of groups 13-16 13-16 2. All of groups 17 and 18 17 and 18

9. III. Non-Metals B. Very plentiful on Earth 1. Found as elements 2. Found as compounds C. Halogens (group 17)  F, Cl, Br, I, At 1. Form –1 ions 2. Very reactive

10. IV. Noble Gases A. Group 18  He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn B. Generally exist as single atoms 1. Inert = unreactive 1. Inert = unreactive 2. Never form ions

11. V. Metalloids A. In a stair step pattern between metals and nonmetals 1. B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te 2. Contain properties of metals and nonmetals metals and nonmetals 3. Called semiconductors  conduct heat and electricity a little heat and electricity a little