1. Slide 1 Section 3.4 Using the Periodic Table Objectives  To learn the various features of the periodic table  To learn some of the properties of metals, nonmetals and metalloids  To learn the natures of common elements

2. Slide 2 An Intro to the Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev – Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev – Russian scientist Arranged periodic table in rows and columns. He even left spaces for elements that had not been discovered yet. Arranged periodic table in rows and columns. He even left spaces for elements that had not been discovered yet. Groups – families of elements that lie in the same vertical column and have similar chemical properties Groups – families of elements that lie in the same vertical column and have similar chemical properties Alkali Metals – Group 1 – 1 st column Alkali Metals – Group 1 – 1 st column Alkaline Earth Metals – Group 2 – 2 nd column Alkaline Earth Metals – Group 2 – 2 nd column Halogens – Group 7 Halogens – Group 7 Noble Gases – Group 8 Noble Gases – Group 8

3. Slide 3 Metals  Transition Metals – large colletion of elements that span center of periodic table  Metals – Elements on the left of the periodic table. Most of the elements  Efficient conductors of electricity  Malleability (can be hammered into thin sheets  Ductility (can be pulled into wires) A lustrous (shiny) appearance

4. Slide 4 Nonmetals Elements on the right side of periodic table Elements on the right side of periodic table Very few elements Very few elements Have various properties Have various properties Exist in different states Exist in different states

5. Slide 5 Metalloids Elements close to the stair-step line Elements close to the stair-step line Exhibit a mixture of metallic and nonmetallic properties Exhibit a mixture of metallic and nonmetallic properties

6. Slide 6 Noble Elements In nature, we find many elements combined with other elements to form compounds. Few element exist as single atoms of the element In nature, we find many elements combined with other elements to form compounds. Few element exist as single atoms of the element Noble metals – gold, silver, platinum – they are found naturally in their pure form. Noble metals – gold, silver, platinum – they are found naturally in their pure form. Noble gases – Helium, Neon, Argon... Noble gases – Helium, Neon, Argon... –The element in column 8 of the periodic table –They are very stable alone and do not react with other elements easily

7. Slide 7 Diatomic Molecules Diatomic Diatomic Molecule Molecule – a molecule composed of two atoms Some Some elements in their pure form are most stable as diatomic molecules Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine

8. Slide 8 Natural States of the Elements Only Only two elements are liquid at room temperature Mercury and bromine Elemental Elemental Solids Elements Elements that are solid in their elemental form Allotropes Allotropes – different forms of the same element Some Some elements exist as gases at room temperature Noble gases, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen...