1. Objectives

4.  Inherited traits are traits that you get genetically from your parents or "inherit". Examples include: dimples, ear lobe shape, right or left handedness, etc.

5.  Acquired traits are traits that you learn. These do NOT come from your parents. Examples include: scars, playing an instrument, playing a sport, learning a new dance, cooking, sewing, crafts, skateboarding, multiplication tables, etc.

7.  Sexual reproduction involves 2 parents. It is the joining of an egg and a sperm. The final result is a new organism that is a genetic combination of both parents. Sexual reproduction introduces variety in the species.  Females produce eggs. Males produce sperm.  Asexual reproduction involves 1 parent. Offspring are produced identical to parent. They have the exact same sequence of DNA. Think "clone" of parent. The genetic material does NOT change from parent to offspring.

9.  Asexual reproduction include these examples: bacteria, hydra, amoeba, planaria, fungi, yeast, sea star being cut in half and each half regrowing into a full sea star, plant cuttings from house plants, etc.  Sexual reproduction include these examples: humans, rats, mosquitoes, insects, dairy cows, salmon, sunflowers, dandelions, clams, dolphins, earthworms, cats, dogs, pollen blowing from one flower to another flower, pollen carried by one insect from one flower to another flower, etc.

10.  Offspring of asexual reproduction will have exactly the same characteristics as parent.  Offspring of sexual reproduction will have same body structure as parents, but will be a genetic combination of both parents.  Examples: Shape of earlobes, dimples, length of toes, bone structure, etc.

12.  Bird beaks, Structure of teeth, Body structure  Coloration of moths in industrial areas vs. non- polluted area  Know that traits can be inherited or acquired

14.  Birds in desert survive on soft parts of cactus. Birds with large beaks can crack open and eat hard seeds.  Many animals near the North Pole are white.  Organisms with colorful appearances (in a dull environment) warn their predators that they are harmful or do not taste good.  Dolphins, fish, sharks have fins that help them move in water.

15.  Giraffes have long necks to eat leaves off taller trees.  Whales have long bodies to move through the water.  Honeybees have stingers to protect themselves.  Warm fur in a tropical climate. Not good!  If plants or animals cannot adapt, they may move to another location, the population may change over time genetically or eventually become extinct.

17.  What is mimicry? One organism imitating or mimicking another. Can be looks, sounds, actions, etc.  What is camouflage? When an organism blends in to their environment.

18.  Mimicry in insects  Plant hybridization to develop a specific trait  Breeding of dairy cows to produce more milk  Increased speed for prey animals  Increased stealth in predators  Viceroy butterfly resembles a monarch butterfly in color to keep from being eaten.  Corn snakes(“red next to black, friendly jack” resemble coral snakes(“red next to yellow, deadly fellow”) in color.

20.  Hollow bird bones allow them to fly in air  Hollow structure of hair insulates animals from hot or cold  Dense root structure allows plants to grow in compact soil

21.  Fish fins aid fish in moving in water  Hummingbirds have long thin beaks to suck nectar  Hawks have curved, sharp beaks and talons for ripping flesh