1. Parts of the cell
Chapter 7.3

2. Prokaryotes (bacteria)
Nucleoid- control center that does NOT have a membrane around it and holds the DNA
Cytoplasm- the liquid “goo” that everything in the cell sits in
Ribosomes- protein factories that build the proteins for the cell
Plasmid- packets of DNA that the bacteria can swap with other bacteria to make it more resistant to medicine
Cell membrane- regulates the transport of substances in and out of the cell
Cell wall- rigid outer structure that protects the cell and gives it structure
Capsule-slippery layer of the cell that keeps it from drying out and helps it slip away when phagocytes try to engulf it
Pili- help bacteria attach to surfaces
Flagella- whip like tail for movement

4. Nucleus (control center)
The nucleus is located in the center of the cell
___________________________________
Is the control center(brain) of the cell
The nucleus is broken down into parts
Nucleolus- _________________________________________________
_______________________membrane that covers the nucleus
______________openings in the nuclear membrane that allow things in

5. Ribosomes (protein factories) & ER
____________________ the little dots found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum that make proteins for the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): work with ribosomes to make proteins
__________________________________________________________
The folds increase the surface area for cellular functions to take place
____________________ER with ribosomes attached to the outside surface.
Makes it bumpy looking or rough
Smooth ER- ER with no ribosomes attached, responsible for making lipids
Both package and deliver new proteins and lipids via vesicles to the Golgi apparatus.

6. Golgi Apparatus (FED-EX)
Looks like a stack of pancakes
Receives newly made proteins and lipids from
the ER which it then modifies, repackages
(in vesicles) and distributes to the rest of the cell
____________ (transporters)- membrane bound transporters that take proteins and other packages around the cell and out of the cell

7. Vacuoles (containers)
Common in plant cells (central vacuole), ____________________________
Also found in single celled eukaryotes as a “contractile vacuole” which pumps excess water out of the cell.
Lysosomes (___________)- small membrane bound sacs that are filled with digestive enzymes and they wander around the cell dissolving nutrients in the cell or “lysing” ______________________________________________
Centrioles- ___________________________________________________
Vacuoles can take up to 30% of a plant cell’s volume

8. Pathway of particles
Ribosomes found on the rough ER make LOTS of proteins
___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________
The vesicle dumps the protein off at the Golgi Apparatus and dissolves into the Golgi’s membrane
The proteins get repackaged by the __________________________ __________________________________________and some products get stored in the vacuole

9. Enough about transport, how do cells get their energy
Enough about transport, how do cells get their energy???? Chloroplasts & Mitochondria (POWERHOUSES)
Chloroplasts- ________________________________________ ____________________________________________________
The stacks of green discs are the actual structures that produce the all of the energy through photosynthesis
________________chili bean looking structures that produce energy for plant and animal cells
Makes ATP (packets of energy) for
the cell to use
Site of ____________________

10. Skeleton & Movement
Cytoskeleton- ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
Like the steel beams of a building that give it strength
________________rigid straight tubes that act as structural support
______________thin protein thread/webs that help give cells shape
Flagella- _________________________________________________
Cilia- ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

11. Outer Barrier
Plasma membrane- ___________________________________ ____________________________________________________
________rigid outer most layer of plant cells made of cellulose, provides structure for the plant

12. Working together
All of the organelles in the cell have very different jobs but they all work together to make the cell function properly.

13. Animal Cells vs Plant Cells