1. Argumentation & Debate Learning to argue constructively, effectively, and ethically

2. What is an argument?

3. Advancing and supporting claims in an attempt to influence the opinions of others.

4. The Procedural Norms of arguing

5. Cooperativeness

6. The Procedural Norms of arguing Cooperativeness Bilaterality

7. The Procedural Norms of arguing Cooperativeness Bilaterality Reflective judgment

8. Why is arguing frequently regarded as a hostile, rather than a cooperative activity?

9. Forms of Debate

10. Political debate, public events

11. Forms of Debate Political debate, public events Legal debate

12. Forms of Debate Political debate, public events Legal debate Parliamentary debate

13. Forms of Debate Political debate, public events Legal debate Parliamentary debate Nonformal debate, scholarly debate

14. Forms of Debate Political debate, public events Legal debate Parliamentary debate Nonformal debate, scholarly debate Academic debate

15. Assumptions underlying educational debate (ED)

16. ED is free of a particular subject matter

17. Assumptions underlying educational debate (ED) ED is free of a particular subject matter ED is a cooperative activity

18. Assumptions underlying educational debate (ED) ED is free of a particular subject matter ED is a cooperative activity ED depends upon the notion that humans should be rational beings

19. Why has debate prospered in an educational setting?

20. Of what importance are the skills of debate to a democratic society?

21. Values of Educational Debate

22. Debate provides preparation for effective participation in free society Voting The judicial system Organizational decision-making

23. Debate offers preparation for leadership

24. Debate provides for investigation & analysis of significant issues CETA: Job training EPA: Nuclear regulation & the environment Star Wars: A federal program to develop space

25. Debate develops proficiency in critical thinking Emphasizes a logical approach Emphasizes supporting evidence Emphasizes a critical search for fallacies in reasoning

26. Debate integrates knowledge areas

27. Debate develops proficiency in listening

28. Debate develops proficiency in purposeful inquiry

29. Debate emphasizes quality teaching Individual attention to students Tutorial help Interactive teaching (give & take) Immediate feedback to improve performance

30. Debate promotes student scholarship

31. Debate develops the ability to make prompt, analytical responses

32. Debate develops proficiency in writing

33. Debate encourages mature judgment See all sides of an issue Understand how inquiry and analysis can change points of view Encourages a scientific approach to problem solving

34. Debate develops courage

35. Debate encourages effective speech composition and delivery

36. But NOT tournament debate!!

37. Debate develops social maturity Tolerate disagreement without effect to personal relationships Accept decisions without argument Learn to adapt self-expression to a rigid system of rules and time contraints Learn debate manners Learn the value of teamwork

38. Debate Formats Debate can be either team (2 person) debate or Lincoln Douglas (individual) debate.

39. Lincoln Douglas debate Most often involves questions of value rather than policy--more on that later…

40. Affirmative Constructive6 minutes Cross examination3 minutes Negative Constructive7 minutes Cross examination3 minutes Affirmative rebuttal4 minutes Negative rebuttal6 minutes Affirmative rebuttal3 minutes

41. Standard Debate 1st AFF Constructive10 minutes 1st NEG Constructive10 minutes 2nd AFF Constructive10 minutes 2nd NEG Constructive10 minutes 1st NEG Rebuttal5 minutes 1st AFF Rebuttal5 minutes 2nd NEG Rebuttal5 minutes 2nd AFF Rebuttal5 minutes

42. Cross-examination Debate Same as standard except that each constructive is followed by a cross examination period and time limits for all speeches are slightly reduced.

43. Preparation Time Prep time is an expendable resource that allows debaters to take time-out before speeches in order to prepare.

44. Typical abbreviations 1ACFirst affirmative constructive 2NCSecond negative constructive 2NRSecond negative rebuttal CXCross examination