1. The Cold War
Winston S. Churchill: "Iron Curtain Speech", March 5, 1946
A survey of the history and causes of the Cold War.
Fall of the Berlin Wall – NOV 9, 1989

2. America’s Wars 1750 French Revolution 1812 3 Seminole Mexican 1850
& Indian Wars
1850 Civil Indian Boxer Spanish Philippine WWI Banana WWII Greek
War Wars Rebellion American Insurrection Wars Civil
1950 Korea Cold Vietnam Nicaragua Desert Iraqi Afghanistan Present
War Storm Freedom
War is far more prevalent in US history than many believe. Timeline of America’s wars.

3. Factors Influencing Conduct of War
Political
Sociological
A concise model to explain the factors causing change in warfare. A change in technology drives a change in sociology (man reacts to technological change) and a change in sociology causes a political reaction.
Technological

4. Spectrum of War Risk Cost
Warfare must be viewed in multiple forms with a varying cost/risk formula. For instance, a nuclear war is almost unknown but has an almost infinite degree of destruction and risk.
Risk
Crime Terrorism Guerrilla Lo-Intensity Conventional Limited Nuc. Nuclear

5. POSTWAR PARTITION OF GERMANY
PRUSSIA
BERLIN
POLAND
EAST
WEST
The Cold War arose from the ashes of WW2 in Europe. Germany was partitioned with the Soviets on one side and America with her other wartime allies on the other side.
POSTWAR PARTITION OF GERMANY

6. The Cold War World
The post WW2 world looked like this.

7. Mr. “X” or the “X Article”
The Sources of Soviet Conduct
By “X”
George Kennan, Undersecretary of State
Foreign Policy magazine, May 1947
Containment
The basis of US foreign policy became the Policy of Containment first envisioned by George Kennan. Kennan published in Foreign Policy magazine under the name Mr. X.

8. The policy of Containment envisioned imposing a military and economic cordon around the USSR.
USSR Containment

9. NATO Japan Greece Korea SEATO Vietnam
China joined the ranks of Communist nations in 1949 and containment was stretched to include the nations pictured.
Vietnam

10. The Cold War World
Final picture of the Cold War world as it existed from 1954 to the fall of the Berlin Wall.

11. Cold War Events 1950-1955 Greek Civil War – MAR 1946 – OCT 1949
Truman Doctrine – MAR 1947; Marshall Plan
Berlin Airlift – JUN 1948 – MAY 1949
Communist conquest of China –
Russian Atomic Bomb – AUG 1949
Korean War – JUL
US Fusion Bomb – NOV 1952
Russian Fusion Bomb – AUG 1953
1st Indochinese War –
NATO – 1949, Warsaw Pact
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg – JUN 1953
McCarthy hearings – MAR - JUN 1954
Cold war events –

12. Greek Civil War 1946-1949 The Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine came about as a result of the Greek Civil War and pledged assistance to anyone fighting against Communism.

13. British Mideast Occupation
In the 1950s, Britain and France pulled out of the Mideast, redrawing the map of that region.

14. Partition of India
1947
The withdrawal of Britain from India destabilized that region and caused the partition on India based on religious lines.

15. Cold War Events 1950-1955 Greek Civil War – MAR 1946 – OCT 1949
Truman Doctrine – MAR 1947; Marshall Plan
Berlin Airlift – JUN 1948 – MAY 1949
Communist conquest of China –
Russian Atomic Bomb – AUG 1949
Korean War – JUL
US Fusion Bomb – NOV 1952
Russian Fusion Bomb – AUG 1953
1st Indochinese War –
NATO – 1949, Warsaw Pact
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg – JUN 1953
McCarthy hearings – MAR - JUN 1954
Cold War events

16. In WW2 China, Mao TseTung conducted combat operations against the Japanese.

17. After WW2, the Chinese Communists forced the Chinese Nationalists to withdraw to the island of Taiwan making China a Communist nation.

18. In Korea and Vietnam, Communists from the northern part of the country invaded the south

19. Mutual Assured Destruction(MAD)
Triad – Manned Bombers, Land based Ballistic Missiles, Fleet Ballistic Missiles
MIRV – Multiple Independent Re-entry Vehicle
SDI – Strategic Defense Initiative – “Star Wars”
Nuclear proliferation
START – Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) was the assurance that a nuclear war was unwinnable by anyone, therefore either side was extremely careful not to start an exchange or risk a nuclear confrontation.

20. Mutual Assured Destruction
The Nuclear Triad
MAD
Mutual Assured Destruction
US defenses rested on a Triad of round launched ICBMs, manned bombers and submarine launched missiles. At least some of these weapons would get through Soviet defenses if there was a war.

21. MIRV – Multiple Independently Targeted Re-entry Vehicle
Nuclear missiles became even more deadly when each warhead became capable of carrying multiple weapons, or MIRVs.

22. Cold War Events – 1955-1991 Hungarian Revolution – 1956
Suez Canal Crisis – OCT 1956
Wars of National Liberation
Space Race
Cuban Revolution – 1958
Berlin Crisis & Berlin Wall 1961
Cuban Missile Crisis – 1962
2d Indochinese War (Vietnam) –
Arab/Israeli 6 Day War
Czechoslovakian Invasion -1968
Sino America rapprochement
SALT 1 – 1972, SALT 2 – 1979
Arab Israeli 1973 War
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

23. Britain & the Middle East
Another flash point became the Mideast when Israel was granted independence as a Jewish state.
Britain & the Middle East

24. 1973
Cease-Fire Lines
Wars were fought between Israel and her Arab neighbors in 1949, 1956, 1967, and 1973.

25. The Great Cultural Revolution 1966-1976
While the US and the USSR struggled worldwide for dominance, China withdrew into itself during the Great Cultural Revolution.

26. Soviet Dissolution –
The USSR’s failed war in Afghanistan along with its ruined economy forced the Soviets to adopt a liberal Western form of government under Mikhail Gorbachev.

27. The Wall Comes Down – OCT-NOV 1989
Because of the failure of Communist governments in Russia, a partitioned Germany disappeared when the Berlin Wall came down.

28. The Cold War was over when the Wall came down but the focus of world politics has now shifted to the Indian Ocean. 50% of the world’s energy and 50% of its commerce transits the Indian Ocean. China and India have almost half of the world’s population.